Saturday, May 31, 2008

ZE080531

ZENIT

The World Seen From Rome

Daily dispatch - May 31, 2008


2008 Fund Drive -- URGENT ACTION needed by June 18!

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LETTERS TO THE EDITORS
A Needed Pastor
Abortion Always Wrong
Some Perspective
Life Is Top Priority
Not the Same
Weak Argument
The Church on Latin
It's the Eyes



Letters to the Editors

A Needed Pastor

A response to: Author Notes Secret to Pope's Efficacy

I was very impressed by this thoughtful article on Benedict XVI with which I completely agree.

The Pope exudes not only the spirit of a theologian/pastor, but what surrounds him like an aura is a sense of truth and authenticity. This comes across not only in his writings but also in his person even through the medium of the television cameras, as I watched the various scenes during his recent visit to the USA.

God has really blessed us with the successor of St Peter that the world now needs desperately.

Angela Zephirin


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Abortion Always Wrong

A response to: One-Issue Voters

It is important to realize that the infallible magisterium of the Church has condemned abortion as an intrinsic evil and therefore a mortal sin under all conditions. But the magisterium has never condemned wars or capital punishment as an intrinsic evil under all conditions. The official catechism does consider capital punishment as unnecessary, but it is not an infallible and definitive judgment to be held de fide. The Church is strongly influenced by the Common Doctor of the Church, St. Thomas Aquinas, in all 3 issues. We are free to decide what to do as long as we do not contradict the definite teachings of the Church. We are free to debate, but personal opinions must be seen as such.

Joe Neri


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Some Perspective

A response to: One-Issue Voters

There is a problem with the practical aspects of this letter. I think at times the statement of Joseph Stalin was correct when he said that if you kill millions and it becomes a statistic one inspires apathy.

While all the other life issues are important and have their place proportionately the issue of abortion is a much graver issue but because the numbers are so large it seems as if people outside of the mainstream pro-life movement don't get it.

To give a little perspective. In Iraq to date we have estimates that over the 5 years of the war there has been a total dead of around 75,000. In the same amount of time there about been about 6.5 million abortions alone. This is why the abortion issue must take precedence over all over life issues in our day. It is in fact the issue of our day.

Brother Gabriel Mosher


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Life Is Top Priority

A response to: One-Issue Voters

Blessed Mother Teresa said that if you don't protect life, then any other issue you support does not matter. All true Roman Catholics will have the pro-life issues as a top priority when selecting candidates to vote for.

Ed Erickson


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Not the Same

A response to: One-Issue Voters

Loss of life is always unfortunate in any circumstance, be it war, or death-row. However, we cannot place the death of the unborn via abortion in this same category of evil. The unborn are oppressed, defenseless, unheard victims and have had their right to life revoked.

If we as a country and as a people do not defend the right to life unequivocably then all other rights we do have are in vain. We must defend those who cannot defend themselves, each person is due this fundamental right.

Jane Nagel


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Weak Argument

A response to: One-Issue Voters

The reference to a "one-issue voter" is misleading if that issue has to do with 1.5 million babies aborted each and every year in the United States alone. The issue can be rounded up with the understanding of abortion as the torture onto death of a baby. Clearly, the "one-issue voter" argument is very weak, to say the least.

Jorge Rodriguez


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The Church on Latin

A response to: Latin Has Its Limits

I strongly recommend that you read John XXIII's apostolic constitution "Veterum Sapientiae" on the study and use of Latin in the Catholic Church, solemnly promulgated at St. Peter's Basilica on February 22, 1962.

The text is available here:
http://www.adoremus.org/VeterumSapientia.html

Peter A. Kwasniewski
Wyoming Catholic College


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It's the Eyes

A response to: Benedict XVI, As Seen Up Close

Reading this article I must say that the author of “Benedictius,” Vaticanist Giuseppe de Carli, did a great and sincere job. Adding to the Holy Father’s qualities of “simplicity, humanity, sincerity, spontaneity, timidity, radiant, spontaneous, good-hearted and contagious smile” enumerated in the book, is his fatherly and “warm gaze” which gets to the heart.

On the 21st of April I read an interesting article by Michael Daly on a New York based newspaper the Daily News titled “His eyes tell all.” Daly simply summerized the Holy Father’s visit to New York in these words, “Known as a scholar, Benedict, with warm gaze, offers New York look into soul of man of warmth.”

We must not forget that he is handsome too.

Sr. Bosco Ebere Amakwe, Holy Family Sisters of the Needy
New York


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Friday, May 30, 2008

ZE080530

ZENIT

The World Seen From Rome

Daily dispatch - May 30, 2008


2008 Fund Drive -- URGENT ACTION needed by June 18!

We appeal to the generosity of those readers who have not yet responded with a contribution.

ZENIT is sustained by its readers! It has no other substantial source of income to cover annual expenses. The generosity of our readers keeps us going.

ZENIT will be unable to continue its normal service if we fail to reach this year's fundraising goal of $380,000.

If you can, please support this fundraising campaign!

If you have ever considered supporting ZENIT, this is the moment to act.

Please send your donation now!

Donations may be sent by credit card, check or bank transfer.

All the information you need to send a donation can be found at: http://www.zenit.org/english/donation.html

We are most grateful for your help!



VATICAN DOSSIER
Pope Notes Signs of Hope in Myanmar
Pontiff: Catholics, Orthodox Are Closer
Vatican Reaffirms: Women's Ordination Invalid
Papal Intention: for Quebec Event

WORLD FEATURES
Cardinal: New Evangelization Needs Journalists
Expert: Easing of One-Child Policy Partially Good

NEWS BRIEFS
Irish Bishops Welcome Cluster Bomb Treaty
Traditional-Mass Training Moves Ahead

SPIRITUALITY
The House Upon the Rock

DOCUMENTS AT ZENIT WEB PAGE
Cardinal Ouellet's Address on the Media

DOCUMENTS
Vatican Decree on the "Ordination" of Women
Papal Letter to Moscow Patriarch Alexy II
Pope's Address to Myanmar Bishops



VATICAN DOSSIER

Pope Notes Signs of Hope in Myanmar

Cites Increased Vocations, Enthused Laity

VATICAN CITY, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- While addressing the sufferings of the people of Myanmar in the wake of this month's deadly cyclone, Benedict XVI notes signs of hope in the country.

The Pope commented today on the increasing number of vocations and activity of the laity when he received in audience prelates from the episcopal conference of Myanmar. They were completing their five-yearly visit to Rome.

Speaking in English, the Holy Father noted, "The Church in Myanmar is known and admired for its solidarity with the poor and needy. This has been especially evident, in the concern you have shown in the aftermath of the cyclone Nargis."

The Church had been at the forefront of aid delivery since Cyclone Nargis struck Myanmar on May 2, although held back by the ruling military junta that claimed for days that it had the operation under control.

State radio reports 78,000 people were killed and another 55,000 remain missing after the storm. But aid groups estimate that the real number is closer to 128,000, with another 2.5 million left homeless.

"During these difficult days, I know how grateful the Burmese people are for the Church's efforts to provide shelter, food, water, and medicine to those still in distress," the Pontiff said. He assured the bishops that the Church "is joined spiritually with those who mourn the loss of loved ones."

"May God open the hearts of all so that a concerted effort may be made to facilitate and coordinate the ongoing endeavor to bring relief to the suffering and rebuild the country's infrastructure," he added.

Vocations

Benedict XVI comment as well on the increase of vocations in the country: "The Church's mission of charity shines forth in a particular way through the religious life, by which men and women devote themselves with 'undivided' heart to the service of God and neighbor.

"I am pleased to note that an increasing number of women are responding to the call to consecrated life in your region. I pray that their free and radical acceptance of the evangelical counsels will inspire others to embrace the life of chastity, poverty and obedience for the sake of the Kingdom."

"Similar signs of hope are seen in the rising number of vocations to the priesthood," said the Pope. "These men are both 'called together' and 'sent out to preach' to be examples of faithfulness and holiness for the People of God."

The Holy Father encouraged the prelates of Myanmar "to continue making the necessary sacrifices to ensure that seminarians receive the integral formation that will enable them to become authentic heralds of the New Evangelization."

Laity

"The Church's mission to spread the Good News depends on a generous and prompt response from the lay faithful to become laborers in the vineyard," the Holy Father explained. "They too are in need of a robust and dynamic Christian formation which will inspire them to carry the Gospel message to their workplaces, families, and to society at large."

The Pontiff also commented on "the enthusiasm with which the laity are organizing many new catechetical and spiritual initiatives, often involving great numbers of young people."

He encouraged the bishops "to remind those under your care to turn continually to the nourishment of the Eucharist through participation in the liturgy and silent contemplation."

"Your active participation in the First Asian Mission Congress has led to new initiatives for promoting goodwill with Buddhists in your country," continued Benedict XVI. "In this regard, I encourage you as you develop ever better relations with Buddhists for the good of your individual communities and of the entire nation."

The Pope expressed his "sincere gratitude" to the prelates for "your faithful ministry in the midst of difficult circumstances and setbacks often beyond your control."


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Pontiff: Catholics, Orthodox Are Closer

Reflects on Progression in Letter to Russian Patriarch

VATICAN CITY, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The Church and the Russian Orthodox have been growing closer together in friendship and in the desire to promote common values, says Benedict XVI.

The Pope said this in a letter he sent to Orthodox Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Russia. The letter was delivered by Cardinal Walter Kasper, president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, during his 10-day visit to Russia, which ends today.

The trip was undertaken at the invitation of Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad, the president of the Department of External Affairs of the Moscow Patriarchate, reported the pontifical council.

In the text of his English-language message, the Pope wrote that the cardinal's visit to Russia "offers me a welcome opportunity to extend my cordial greetings, to express my esteem for your ministry in the Russian Orthodox Church and to restate my appreciation for your commitment to fostering relations between Catholics and Orthodox."

"It is with joy," he adds, "that I reflect on the experience of growing closeness between us, accompanied by the shared desire to promote authentic Christian values and to witness to our Lord in ever deeper communion. I think with gratitude of the recent visit of Your Holiness to Strasbourg and Paris, and the warm welcome given to the Catholic archbishop of the Archdiocese of the Mother of God in Moscow during the Christmas celebrations last year."

Goodwill

The Pontiff added that another sign of "fraternity and friendship toward the Catholic Church" was expressed with the invitation extended to Cardinal Kasper to visit Moscow. "This is not only a sign of personal goodwill, but also a gesture toward the Catholic Church which Cardinal Kasper represents."

"During his time in Russia," said Benedict XVI, "Cardinal Kasper will visit Kazan to venerate the icon of the Mother of God which my beloved predecessor, Pope John Paul II, conveyed to Your Holiness through the good offices of Cardinal Kasper."

"This icon," the Pope explained, "bears a likeness to all the other venerable icons of the Mother of God, and as such offers a powerful sign of the closeness which exists between us. It also offers an opportunity for encounter with Muslims, who show great respect for Mary, the Mother of God."

The Pope noted that the Russian Patriarch "has been increasingly committed to dialogue with other Christians and the members of other religions, and it is with deep gratitude that I have followed with prayerful interest the signs of friendship and trust which your Church and its representatives have demonstrated in various ways."


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Vatican Reaffirms: Women's Ordination Invalid

Decree Says Offense Incurs Automatic Excommunication

VATICAN CITY, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The Vatican's doctrinal congregation has decisively decreed that the ordination of women is invalid.

The general decree "On the Delict of Attempted Sacred Ordination of a Woman" was published today on the front page of L'Osservatore Romano, the Vatican newspaper. It states that the decree "comes into force immediately."

The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith states in the brief text that it is acting to protect "the nature and validity of the sacrament of holy orders."

The texts affirms that "he who shall have attempted to confer holy orders on a woman, as well as the woman who may have attempted to receive Holy Orders, incurs in a 'latae sententiae' excommunication," that is, an automatic excommunication.

The decree is signed by the dicastery's prefect, Cardinal William Levada, and the secretary of the Vatican congregation, Archbishop Angelo Amato.

In an interview with Vatican Radio, Archbishop Amato said the reason for the text is the existence of instances of so-called ordinations of women in some regions of the world. In addition, it constitutes "an instrument of help for bishops, in order to ensure a uniform answer in the whole Church."

He added that the decree underlines that the ordination of a woman to the priesthood is invalid or null, and that "only baptized men can by ordained validly."

The Church reaffirms this exclusivity for a "unique fundamental reason," the archbishop explained. "The Church does not feel authorized to change the will of its founder, Jesus Christ."

The decree, which also mentions the same penalty applies to the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, said that "The ancient Eastern Churches and the Orthodox Churches observe the same discipline of the Catholic Church."

Medicine

In regard to the automatic excommunication, the prelate clarified that the excommunicated person is barred "from taking part in any way as minister in the celebration of the sacrifice of the Eucharist or in any other ceremony of public worship," from "celebrating sacraments or sacramentals and from receiving the sacraments," as well as from "exercising functions in offices or ministries or ecclesiastical endeavors no matter what they are" or from "acts of governance."

He added that the "excommunication is a medicinal punishment," as "it calls to repentance, conversion and reparation for the sin."

Excommunication "is lifted when the persons concerned show sincere repentance and commit themselves to follow the correct doctrine and discipline of the Church," concluded archbishop Amato.

In 1994 Pope John Paul II issued the apostolic letter "On Reserving Priestly Ordination to Men Alone," in which he stated that the priesthood "has in the Catholic Church from the beginning always been reserved to men alone. This tradition has also been faithfully maintained by the Oriental Churches."

He added, "I declare that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women and that this judgment is to be definitively held by all the Church's faithful."


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Papal Intention: for Quebec Event

VATICAN CITY, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI's missionary prayer intention for June is for the success of the International Eucharistic Congress in Quebec this month.

The Apostleship of Prayer announced the general intention chosen by the Pope, "That all Christians may cultivate a deep and personal friendship with Christ, in order to be able to communicate the strength of His love to every person they meet."

The Holy Father also chooses a missionary intention for each month. In June he will pray, "That the International Eucharistic Congress of Quebec in Canada may lead to an ever greater understanding that the Eucharist is the heart of the Church and the source of evangelization."


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WORLD FEATURES

Cardinal: New Evangelization Needs Journalists

Calls Catholic Media "Instruments of Hope"

TORONTO, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The New Evangelization needs journalists to penetrate the current media-driven society, says Cardinal Marc Ouellet.

In the closing address of the Catholic Media Convention 2008, the archbishop of Quebec added that the New Evangelization is "the greatest challenge facing the Church at the beginning of the new millennium."

The media congress, which ended today in Toronto, had as its theme "Proclaim it From the Rooftops."

"It's not always easy for a Church steeped in centuries of tradition to adapt to a modern communication's culture," said Cardinal Ouellet.

He added, "Let us never forget that the Church is communication and therefore the Church media work is inextricably linked with its other evangelization efforts."

"Communications and media are much more than technical facilities. While these are vital, at the heart of communications are people, resources and funds, developed for specific purposes," the cardinal warned. "They call for a missionary engagement with modern culture, for mission is constitutive of the Church. God transcends culture but also meets us in our culture."

Citing Benedict XVI's message for World Communications Day, Cardinal Ouellet said the role of media "must now be considered an integral part of the 'anthropological' question that is emerging as the key challenge of the third millennium."

Ethics

The cardinal explained: "Just as we see happening in areas such as human life, marriage and the family, and in the great contemporary issues of peace, justice and protection of creation, so too in the sector of social communications there are essential dimensions of the human person and the truth concerning the human person coming into play.

"When communication loses its ethical underpinning and eludes society's control, it ends up no longer taking into account the centrality and inviolable dignity of the human person. As a result it risks exercising a negative influence on people's consciences and choices and definitively conditioning their freedom and their very lives."

Cardinal Ouellet expressed enthusiasm about the media's potential: "One might even say that seeking and presenting the truth about humanity constitutes the highest vocation of social communication. Utilizing for this purpose the many refined and engaging techniques that the media have at their disposal is an exciting task."

He concluded asking for prayers not only for more vocations to the priesthood, consecrated life and married life, but also vocations to the "noble calling of Catholic journalists, communicators and media agents."

"You are instruments of hope to the Church and the world," the cardinal said. "You must influence your brothers and sisters and colleagues who work in the secular media and help them to avoid the risk of being transformed into systems aimed at subjecting humanity to agendas dictated by the dominant interests of the day."

"This is the challenge facing the media," he added, "the challenge we must all face in our daily lives in order to become men and women who show solidarity to all mankind."


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Expert: Easing of One-Child Policy Partially Good

Says It Offers Only Glimmer of Progress in China

By Karna Swanson

BEIJING, MAY e0, 2008 (Zenit.org).- While it's good news that China is relaxing its one-child policy for victims of the country's recent earthquake, one mustn't forget the "sad brutality" of the rule, according to author Mark Miravalle.

The Chengdu Population and Family Planning Committee of the Sichuan province, hit hard by the May 12 earthquake, announced Monday that families affected by the disaster can obtain a certificate to have another child.

The earthquake, China's deadliest since 1976, struck the Sichuan province of China with a magnitude of 7.9. The death toll is over 68,000, but it is expected to rise as more than 20,000 are still missing.

"I think we have to thank God and rejoice with him whenever there is a new acceptance of precious human life, in whatever form or for whatever motive," said Miravalle, a professor of theology and Mariology at the Franciscan University of Steubenville, and author of "The Seven Sorrows of China."

"At the same time," he added, "this exception to the one-child policy should not distract from, but rather shed light upon the continuous tragic enormity and sad brutality of the nationwide rule."

"One hopes that this is an expression of authentic compassion and sympathy by the Chinese government for the calamity experienced by their people, and not something closer to a more utilitarian concept of human replacement," noted Miravalle.

The announced exemption to the one-child policy affects couples living in the city of Chengdu, which has 10 million people, as well as two of the hardest-hit cities nearby, Dujiangyan and Pengzhou, reported the Associated Press. It could possibly also affect families in Qingchuan.

Rewards and penalties

China's one-child policy was instituted in 1979 to control population growth, and through a system of rewards and penalties it urges families, primarily in urban areas, to only have one child.

Rural families are generally allowed a second child, five years after the birth of the first, especially if the first was a girl.

According to the government, the policy has prevented 400 million births.

Critics say China regularly abuses individual liberties in implementing the policy through heavy fines and dismissal from work, as well as forced abortions and sterilizations.

The exemption highlights some of these stricter elements of the policy's implementation. For example, parents who are paying fines for having a second child illegally will no longer be responsible for outstanding fines. The previously paid fines, however, won't be refunded.

Additionally, if a legally born child was killed in the quake, an illegal child can be registered as the legal child; illegal children are normally denied government benefits, such as a free education.

To have a second child, the couple must first apply for a permit.

Miravalle recalled, however, that "many Chinese women are sterilized immediately after giving birth to their first child without giving their consent," thus calling into question how many couples will be able to have a second child.

The Chinese government has said there are no limits on the number a family can adopt, even if the couple already has, or will have in the future, their own biological child.

An estimated 4,000 children were orphaned in the quake, reported the Associated Press.

"While we again can be glad for this glimmer of progress," Miravalle continued, "something remains gravely wrong with this distressing denial of human respect and freedom, even if it represents some form of partial improvement from an overall no second-child policy."


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NEWS BRIEFS

Irish Bishops Welcome Cluster Bomb Treaty

DUBLIN, Ireland, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The Irish bishops welcome the successful conclusion of the International Diplomatic Conference on Cluster Munitions.

The final treaty, signed today in Dublin by 111 nations, prohibits the production, use, transfer and stockpiling of cluster munitions.

Cluster munitions are weapons that include cargo containers that are fired, launched and dropped by aircraft or land-based artillery. The containers open over a target area and disperse large numbers of the submunitions that are designed to explode when they hit a target.

Auxiliary Bishop Raymond Field of Dublin, the chair of the Irish Commission for Justice and Social Affairs, said in a press statement released today that the "treaty has been the result of cooperation between political leaders and representatives of the nongovernmental organization sector, working together in defense of vulnerable civilian populations whose well-being is threatened by the consequences of Cluster Munitions strikes."

He added: “While this treaty has made a vital contribution to the raising of international standards in relation to the protection of vulnerable civilians, more remains to be done.

"Moral and political pressure must be brought to bear on those nations that have not yet signed the treaty. Furthermore, nations must be vigilant against the development and production of similarly inhumane weapons in the future.”


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Traditional-Mass Training Moves Ahead

Cardinal George Calls It a 1st Step to Providing Extraordinary Form

CHICAGO, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Providing the faithful with opportunities to worship according to the John XXIII missal begins with the training and formation of priests and seminarians, says Cardinal Francis George.

Cardinal George, the archbishop of Chicago, said this about a five-day Traditional Latin Mass Training Workshop for priests and seminarians hosted last week by the Canons Regular of St. John Cantius in conjunction with the Archdiocese of Chicago.

Hailing from all over the United States, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Lithuania, Italy, and the Philippines, the participating priests and seminarians stayed at the campus of Mundelein Seminary to attend a hands-on workshop on the celebration of the extraordinary form of the Mass of the Roman rite held at the Cardinal Stritch Retreat House.

In a letter to those who attended the event, Cardinal George said: "Charged with proclaiming Christ's universal call to holiness, the Church wishes to foster a love for the sacred whenever her people gather to worship God as he wants to be worshiped. In order to better serve Catholics who wish to worship according to the 'forma extraordinaria,' ample and ongoing catechesis in this form of the Mass must be available. This can only be achieved if, first of all, priest and seminarians are prepared to serve this need.

"I have therefore asked the Canons Regular of St. John Cantius, whose charism is the 'Restoration of the Sacred,' to assist the archdiocese by providing training for priests and seminarians in the extraordinary form of the Roman rite according to the liturgical book of 1962."

During the workshop, Auxiliary Bishop Joseph Perry of Chicago spoke on "The Spirituality of the Traditional Latin Mass," revealing how the Ordinary and Extraordinary Forms of the Mass, held in equal honor, can enrich the Catholic faithful in parish life.

The event's popularity and success, with a waiting list of those who wished to attend, has prompted the Canons Regular of St. John Cantius to schedule future training workshops.

---- --- ---

On the Net:

Priest and seminarian training workshop: www.sanctamissa.org/en/workshop-index.html


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SPIRITUALITY

The House Upon the Rock

Gospel Commentary for 9th Sunday in Ordinary Time

By Father Raniero Cantalamessa, OFM Cap

ROME, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- In Jesus’ time everyone knew that it was foolish to build your house on sand at the bottom of the valley rather than on the rock high above.

After every heavy rain a torrent of water forms almost immediately that sweeps away everything in its path. Jesus uses this observation to create today’s parable about the two houses that, as a parable, has two sides.

“Thus, everyone who listens to these words of mine and acts on them will be like a wise man who built his house on rock. The rain fell, the floods came, and the winds blew and buffeted the house.
 But it did not collapse; it had been set solidly on rock” (Matthew 7:24-25).

With perfect symmetry, changing only a few words, Jesus presents the same scene negatively: “And everyone who listens to these words of mine but does not act on them will be like a fool who built his house on sand. The rain fell, the floods came, and the winds blew and buffeted the house. And it collapsed and was completely ruined” (Matthew 7:26-27).

Building your house on sand means placing your hopes and certainties in unstable and unpredictable things that cannot stand the whips and scorns of time, the reversals of fortune. Money, success and personal health are such things. Experience shows this to us every day: All it takes to bring everything crashing down is a trifle, a little blood clot, the philosopher Blaise Pascal said.

Building your house on rock means, on the contrary, to stake your life and hopes on that which “thieves cannot steal nor rust corrode,” on that which does not pass away. “Heaven and earth will pass away,” Jesus said, “but my words shall not pass away.”

Building your house on rock means quite simply building on God. He is the rock. The rock is one of the Bible’s preferred symbols for God: “Our God is an eternal rock” (Isaiah 26:4); “He is the rock, his works are perfect” (Deuteronomy 32:4).

The house built on rock already exists; we just have to go inside! It is the Church. Obviously it is not the one built of bricks and mortar but that made up of “living stones,” who are the believers built upon the cornerstone, who is Christ Jesus. The house built upon the rock is the one about which Jesus spoke to Simon: “You are Peter and on this rock I will build my Church” (Matthew 16:18).

To build one’s life upon rock therefore means to live in the Church, not staying outside, forever pointing your finger at the inconsistency and defects of the human side of the Church. Only a few souls were saved from the great flood, those who boarded Noah’s ark; only those who enter the Church will be saved from the deluge of time that swallows up everything (cf. 1 Peter 3:20).

This does not mean that everyone who is outside of her will not be saved; there is another way of belonging to the Church, “known only to God,” the Second Vatican Council says, that regards those who without knowing Christ, live according to the dictate of their conscience.

The theme of the word of God, which is at the center of the readings this Sunday, and which the synod of bishops will take up in October, suggests a practical application to me. God used words to communicate life to us and reveal truth. We human beings often use words to kill and hide the truth!

In the introduction to his famous “Dizionario delle opere e dei personaggi,” Valentino Bompiani recounts the following episode. In June 1939 an international conference of editors was held in which he participated. War was already in the air and the Nazi government proved itself to be a master at manipulating words for the purpose of propaganda. On the second to last day of the conference, Goebbels, who was the Third Reich’s minister of propaganda, invited the participants to the parliament hall. The delegates of the different countries were asked to offer a word of greeting.

An editor from Sweden approached the podium when it was his turn and in a grave voice spoke these words: “Lord God, I must give a speech in German. I lack the vocabulary and the grammar and I am lost when it comes to the gender of the nouns. I don’t know if 'friendship' is feminine and 'hate' masculine, or if 'honor,' 'loyalty' and 'peace' are neuter. So, Lord God, take our words and leave us our humanity. Perhaps we will be able to understand each other and save ourselves.” There was thunderous applause, while Goebbels, who got the point, left the hall in a rage.

A Chinese emperor who was asked about what the most urgent thing was to improve the world answered without hesitation: Reform words! What he meant was: Give back to words their true meaning. He was right. There are words that, little by little, have been completely emptied of their original meaning and assigned a diametrically opposed meaning. Their use can only be lethal. It is like putting a label that says “after-dinner liqueur” on a bottle of arsenic: Someone will be poisoned.

Countries have very strict laws against those who make counterfeit money, but none against those who use counterfeit words. What has happened to the word “love” has not happened to any other word. A man rapes a woman and he excuses himself by saying that he did it for love. The expression “make love” often signifies the most vulgar act of egoism in which each person only thinks about his or her own gratification, ignoring the other and reducing him or her to a mere object.

As we see, reflection on the word of God can also help us to reform and save human words from meaninglessness.

[Translation by Joseph G. Trabbic]

* * *

Father Raniero Cantalamessa is the Pontifical Household preacher. The readings for this Sunday are Deuteronomy 11:18, 26-28, 32; Romans 3:21-25a, 28; Matthew 7:21-27.


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DOCUMENTS at ZENIT Web Page

Cardinal Ouellet's Address on the Media

TORONTO, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The full text of the address that Cardinal Marc Ouellet delivered today to the Catholic Media Convention 2008 is available on the ZENIT Web site.

The theme of the congress, which ends today in Toronto, is "Proclaim it From the Rooftops." Cardinal Ouellet's talk is titled "The New Evangelization and the Mass Media."

--- --- ---

Cardinal Ouellet's address: http://www.zenit.org/article-22748?l=english


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DOCUMENTS

Vatican Decree on the "Ordination" of Women

VATICAN CITY, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here is the general decree of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith on the automatic excommunication for the attempted ordination of women, published in today's print edition of L'Osservatore Romano.

* * *

On the Delict of Attempted Sacred Ordination of a Woman

The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, in virtue of the special faculty granted to it by the Supreme Authority of the Church (cf. Can. 30, Code of Canon Law), in order to safeguard the nature and validity of the sacrament of Holy Orders, decreed, in the Ordinary Session of December 19, 2007:

In accordance with what is disposed by Can. 1378 of the Code of Canon Law, he who shall have attempted to confer holy orders on a woman, as well as the woman who may have attempted to receive Holy Orders, incurs in a latae sententiae excommunication, reserved to the Apostolic See.

If he who shall have attempted to confer Holy Orders on a woman or if the woman who shall have attempted to received Holy Orders is a faithful bound to the Code of Canons of the Oriental Churches, he is to be punished with the major excommunication, whose remission remains reserved to the Apostolic See, in accordance with can. 1443 of the same Code (cf. can. 1423, Code of Canons of the Oriental Churches).

The present decree enters in force immediately after its publication in L'Osservatore Romano.

William Cardinal Levada
Prefect

Angelo Amato, s.d.b.
Titular Archbishop of Sila
Secretary


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Papal Letter to Moscow Patriarch Alexy II

"I Reflect on the Experience of Growing Closeness Between Us"

VATICAN CITY, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here is the text of Benedict XVI's English-language letter he sent to Orthodox Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Russia. The letter was delivered by Cardinal Walter Kasper, president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, during his 10-day visit to Russia, which ends today.

* * *

The visit to Russia of His Eminence Cardinal Walter Kasper offers me a welcome opportunity to extend my cordial greetings, to express my esteem for your ministry in the Russian Orthodox Church and to restate my appreciation for your commitment to fostering relations between Catholics and Orthodox. It is with joy that I reflect on the experience of growing closeness between us, accompanied by the shared desire to promote authentic Christian values and to witness to our Lord in ever deeper communion. I think with gratitude of the recent visit of Your Holiness to Strasbourg and Paris, and the warm welcome given to the Catholic Archbishop of the Archdiocese of the Mother of God in Moscow during the Christmas celebrations last year.

Another sign of fraternity and friendship towards the Catholic Church is to be seen in the invitation extended to Cardinal Kasper by His Eminence Kirill, Metropolitan of Smolensk and Kaliningrad, President of the Department for External Church Affairs of the Patriarchate of Moscow, to visit that Eparchy on the occasion of his name–day. This is not only a sign of personal goodwill, but also a gesture towards the Catholic Church which Cardinal Kasper represents.

During his time in Russia, Cardinal Kasper will visit Kazan to venerate the icon of the Mother of God which my beloved predecessor, Pope John Paul II, conveyed to Your Holiness through the good offices of Cardinal Kasper, who personally accompanied the sacred image back to its homeland. This icon bears a likeness to all the other venerable icons of the Mother of God, and as such offers a powerful sign of the closeness which exists between us. It also offers an opportunity for encounter with Muslims, who show great respect for Mary, the Mother of God. Your Holiness has been increasingly committed to dialogue with other Christians and the members of other religions, and it is with deep gratitude that I have followed with prayerful interest the signs of friendship and trust which your Church and its representatives have demonstrated in various ways.

With gratitude for your commitment to dialogue with different ecclesial, religious and social bodies, I extend in this Easter season my warmest best wishes for your ministry, entrusting to the Lord my prayer that the great mystery of our salvation, the Death and Resurrection of our Lord, may ever more deeply guide your life and your service to the Church. May the Risen Saviour grant you health, peace and inner joy, and may he bring us closer to each other, that we may undertake together our journey towards full communion in him.

From the Vatican, 19 May 2008

BENEDICTUS PP. XVI


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Pope's Address to Myanmar Bishops

"Universal Church Is Joined Spiritually With Those Who Mourn"

VATICAN CITY, MAY 30, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here is the text of Benedict XVI's English-language address he gave today to the bishops of Myanmar, in Rome for their five-yearly visit.

* * *

My dear brother Bishops,

I am pleased to welcome you, the Bishops of Myanmar, who have come to the City of Rome to venerate the tombs of the holy Apostles and to strengthen your communion with the Successor of Peter. Our encounter today bears witness to the unity, charity and peace that bind us together and animate our mission to teach, guide and sanctify the people of God (cf. Lumen Gentium, 22). I am grateful for the kind greetings and the assurance of prayers which Archbishop Paul Grawng has expressed to me in your name and on behalf of the clergy, the Religious and laity of your respective Dioceses. I wish to reciprocate with my cordial greetings and sincere prayer that "the Lord may give you peace at all times and in all ways" (cf. 2 Thess 3:16).

The Church in Myanmar is known and admired for its solidarity with the poor and needy. This has been especially evident in the concern you have shown in the aftermath of the cyclone Nargis. The numerous Catholic agencies and associations in your land show that the people under your care have heeded the Baptist's cry: "Let he who has two coats share with him who has none; let he who has food do likewise!" (Lk 3:11). I am confident that under your guidance, the faithful will continue to demonstrate the possibility of establishing "a fruitful link between evangelization and works of charity" (Deus Caritas Est, 30), so that others will "experience the richness of their humanity" and that "God may be glorified through Jesus Christ" (ibid., 31; cf. 1 Pt 4:8-11).

During these difficult days, I know how grateful the Burmese people are for the Church's efforts to provide shelter, food, water, and medicine to those still in distress. I am hopeful that, following the agreement recently reached on the provision of aid by the international community, all who are ready to help will be able to furnish the type of assistance required and enjoy effective access to the places where it is needed most. At this critical time, I render thanks to Almighty God that he has brought us together "face to face" (1 Thess 2:17), for it gives me the occasion to reassure you that the universal Church is joined spiritually with those who mourn the loss of loved ones (cf. Rm 12:15), as she holds out to them the Lord's promise of comfort and consolation (cf. Mt 5:4). May God open the hearts of all so that a concerted effort may be made to facilitate and coordinate the ongoing endeavour to bring relief to the suffering and rebuild the country's infrastructure.

The Church's mission of charity shines forth in a particular way through the Religious life, by which men and women devote themselves with "undivided" heart to the service of God and neighbour (cf. 1 Cor 7:34; cf. Vita Consecrata, 3). I am pleased to note that an increasing number of women are responding to the call to consecrated life in your region. I pray that their free and radical acceptance of the evangelical counsels will inspire others to embrace the life of chastity, poverty and obedience for the sake of the Kingdom. Preparing candidates for this service of prayer and apostolic work requires an investment of time and resources. The formation courses offered by the Catholic Religious Conference of Myanmar attest to the cooperation possible between different religious communities with due respect for the particular charism of each, and point to the need for sound academic, spiritual and human formation.

Similar signs of hope are seen in the rising number of vocations to the priesthood. These men are both "called together" and "sent out to preach" (cf. Lk 9:1-2) to be examples of faithfulness and holiness for the People of God. Filled with the Holy Spirit and led by your fatherly care, may priests perform their sacred duties in humility, simplicity and obedience (cf. Presbyterorum Ordinis, 15). As you know, this requires a thorough formation that accords with the dignity of their priestly office. I therefore encourage you to continue making the necessary sacrifices to ensure that seminarians receive the integral formation that will enable them to become authentic heralds of the New Evangelization (cf. Pastores Dabo Vobis, 2).

My dear brothers, the Church's mission to spread the Good News depends on a generous and prompt response from the lay faithful to become labourers in the vineyard (cf. Mt 20:1-16; 9:37-38). They too are in need of a robust and dynamic Christian formation which will inspire them to carry the Gospel message to their workplaces, families, and to society at large (cf. Ecclesia in Asia, 22). Your reports allude to the enthusiasm with which the laity are organizing many new catechetical and spiritual initiatives, often involving great numbers of young people. As you foster and oversee these activities, I encourage you to remind those under your care to turn continually to the nourishment of the Eucharist through participation in the liturgy and silent contemplation (cf. Ecclesia de Eucharistia, 6). Effective programs of evangelization and catechesis also require clear planning and organization if they are to achieve the desired end of teaching Christian truth and drawing people into the love of Christ. It is desirable that they make use of appropriate aids, including booklets and audio-visual materials, to complement oral instruction and to provide common points of reference for authentic Catholic doctrine. I am certain that other local Churches throughout the world will do what they can to furnish materials whenever possible.

Your active participation in the First Asian Mission Congress has led to new initiatives for promoting goodwill with Buddhists in your country. In this regard, I encourage you as you develop ever better relations with Buddhists for the good of your individual communities and of the entire nation.

Finally, my dear brothers, I wish to express my sincere gratitude for your faithful ministry in the midst of difficult circumstances and setbacks often beyond your control. Next month, the Church inaugurates a special Jubilee year in honour of Saint Paul. This "Apostle to the Gentiles" has been admired through the centuries for his undaunted perseverance in trials and tribulations vividly recounted in his Epistles and in the Acts of the Apostles (cf. 2 Tim 1:8-13; Acts 27:13-44). Paul exhorts us to keep our gaze fixed on the glory that awaits us so as never to despair in the pain and sufferings of today. The gift of hope which we have received-and in which we are saved (cf. Rom 8:24)-imparts grace and transforms our way of living (cf. Spe Salvi, 3). Enlightened by the Holy Spirit, I invite you to join Saint Paul in the sure confidence that nothing-neither distress, or persecution, or famine, nor things present, nor things to come-can separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord (cf. Rom 8:35-39).

Commending you to the intercession of Mary, Queen of the Apostles, I willingly impart my Apostolic Blessing to you and to your clergy, Religious and lay faithful.


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Daily dispatch - May 29, 2008


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VATICAN DOSSIER
Church Should Get Voice Too, Pontiff Affirms
Movements a Help for Educational Emergency, Says Pope
Exhibition Reveals History of Church-State Separation
Pope: Poor Nations Should Get Riches of Their Soil
Laity Council Site Dedicated to Women

WORLD FEATURES
Vatican Confirms Excommunication of St. Louis Group
Spokesman: Pope's Relationship With Press Growing
Prelate: Catholic Press Should Help in Search for God

NEWS BRIEFS
Church Urges Peace After FARC Leader's Death

COUNTDOWN TO SYDNEY
50 Days; Melbourne Takes up the Cross

DOCUMENTS AT ZENIT WEB PAGE
2008 Catholic Media Congress Speeches

DOCUMENTS
Benedict XVI's Address to Ugandan Envoy
Papal Address to Tanzanian Ambassador



VATICAN DOSSIER

Church Should Get Voice Too, Pontiff Affirms

Urges Prelates to Participate in Public Debate

VATICAN CITY, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- In the framework of a healthy laicism, bishops also have a right to participate in public debates, Benedict XVI recalled.

The Pope affirmed this today when he met with the participants at the 58th Plenary Assembly of the Italian episcopal conference. The meeting is under way in the Vatican through Friday.

"As heralds of the Gospel and guides of the Catholic community, you are also called to participate in the exchange of ideas in the public domain, to help mold adequate cultural attitudes," he stressed to the prelates.

Benedict XVI noted how Italy wants to "begin a new stage of economic, but also of civil and moral growth," saying that "as bishops we cannot fail to make our specific contribution [to this endeavor]."

In this context, "we must above all say and witness with frankness to our ecclesial communities and to all the Italian people that, although the problems that must be addressed are many, the fundamental problem for the man of today continues to be the problem of God."

"No other human or social problem will truly be resolved if God does not return to the center of our lives," since he is the "source of hope that changes one's interior and does not disappoint" and, therefore, gives "consistency and vigor to our plans for good," the Pontiff stressed.

Not private

He emphasized to the Italian bishops that "in the framework of a healthy and well-understood laicism, it is necessary to resist every tendency that regards religion, and Christianity in particular, as only a private affair."

Instead, "the prospects that stem from our faith can make a fundamental contribution to clarify and solve the major social and moral problems of Italy and of Europe today," Benedict XVI affirmed.

"Strong and constant likewise must be our efforts" to defend "the dignity and tutelage of human life in all moments and conditions -- from conception and the embryonic phase, through situations of illness and suffering, until natural death," he added.

Along with his brothers in the episcopate, the Pope rejoiced over the opportunity the Church has in Italy to make use of the media in order to present its point of view and concerns "daily in the public debate," in a free and autonomous manner, "but with a sincere spirit of sharing."


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Movements a Help for Educational Emergency, Says Pope

Encourages Italian Bishops in Reaching Out to Youth

VATICAN CITY, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI is proposing five guidelines to address the educational emergency in Italy and many other nations.

The Pope addressed the issue of education when he met today with the participants at the 58th Plenary Assembly of the Italian episcopal conference. The meeting is under way in the Vatican through Friday.

Acceptance of new movements in the Church, evangelization at meetings of youth, personal relationship with young people, living of the faith in community, and recognition of the ecclesial role in education are the guidelines the Holy Father proposed.

Root cause

In his address to his brothers in the episcopate, the Bishop of Rome stressed the cause of the acutely self-evident "educational emergency": "a penetrating and not rarely aggressive relativism," which affects society and culture.

Relativism "places God between parentheses" and "discourages any option that spells true commitment and, in particular, definitive choices, in order to give way, instead, to self-assertion and immediate satisfactions in different realms of life," he summarized.

In the end, young people remain "alone in face of the profound questions that inevitably arise within them"; alone "in face of the expectations and challenges" of their own future, the Pope alerted the Italian prelates.

"For us, bishops, for our priests, for catechists and for the whole Christian community, the educational emergency implies a very specific task: the transmission of the faith to new generations," he stressed.

Charisms

To respond to the difficulties mentioned, "the Holy Spirit has inspired in the Church many charisms and evangelizing energies," and it is the bishops' task "to welcome these new forces with joy, to support them, foster their growth, and guide them" so that they will always remain in the ambit "of faith and of ecclesial communion."

The Pope also urged the Italian prelates to increasingly focus on evangelization in the many encounters that the ecclesial community holds with youth in parishes, oratories and schools, particularly in Catholic schools.

"Needless to say, above all, personal relationships are important, especially sacramental confession and spiritual direction," he underlined.

All are occasions of great importance, the Holy Father noted. Each opportunity "represents a possibility given to us to have our children and young people perceive the face of God who is the true friend of man."

Integral formation

Benedict XVI mentioned in particular "the important meetings" of youth, such as that of Loreto last September and of the World Youth Day in Sydney this coming July. "They are the communal, public and festive expression of that hope, that love and that trust in Christ and the Church that remain rooted in the youthful soul."

Moreover, these hugely popular events help to understand fully "the universality of the Church and the fraternity that must unite all nations," he noted.

Aware of the impact of the educational emergency on the wider society, the Holy Father stressed the need to place at the center once again "the full and integral formation of the human person," noting that schools play a key role in this.

In that connection, Benedict XVI concluded, "In a democratic state, which boasts the promotion of free initiatives in every field, the exclusion of adequate support to the commitment of ecclesiastical institutions in the area of schooling does not seem justified."


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Exhibition Reveals History of Church-State Separation

Display Focuses on 12th-Century Countess

VATICAN CITY, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- A display presented today in the Vatican Museums reveals the period of struggle between popes and emperors that led to the Western modern concept of the separation of powers.

"Matilda of Canossa, the Papacy and the Empire: History, Art and Culture at the Origins of the Romanesque" is the title of a forthcoming exhibition to be inaugurated Aug. 31 and run until Jan. 11, 2009. It will have two separate sites: the Casa di Mantegna in Mantua and the abbey of San Benedetto Po.

It focuses on the biographical and political events of Matilda's life as a starting point to examine and interpret a period of confrontation between popes and emperors that led to the demarcation and separation of the two powers -- religious and secular -- and thus laid the foundations of the modern conception of power in the West.

Countess Matilda of Canossa (1046-1115), a powerful feudal landowner and ardent supporter of the papacy in the controversy over investitures, dominated the area of Italy immediately north of the Papal States.

The exhibition -- using works of art, documents and artefacts from various museums in Italy and Europe -- reveals a world undergoing a profound transformation.

Matilda's fame and the need to make her a symbol of support for the papacy created a myth that has lasted down until our own time, and over history has inspired such figures as Dante, Giulio Romano and Gianlorenzo Bernini, who recreated her figure in masterpieces of literature, painting and sculpture.


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Pope: Poor Nations Should Get Riches of Their Soil

Addresses 9 New Envoys to Holy See

VATICAN CITY, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Rich countries cannot appropriate the wealth of poor nations hidden in the soil or underground, Benedict XVI affirmed.

The Pope stated this today when he received the letters of credence of nine new ambassadors to the Holy See, many of them from African nations.

Addressing the diplomats as a group, the Holy Father said, "The primordial gauge in political matters is the search for justice, so as to ensure that the dignity and rights of human beings are always respected and that all the inhabitants of a country may share in the wealth of their nation. The same holds true for the international sphere."

"The international community," he continued, "is also called to act -- over and above simple justice -- by showing its solidarity with the poorest and ensuring a better distribution of wealth, enabling especially those countries whose wealth resides in the soil or under the soil to be the primary beneficiaries thereof. Rich countries cannot appropriate what comes from other lands."

"Justice and solidarity must mean that the international community oversees the distribution of resources," the Pontiff affirmed, stressing how "it is also necessary to develop [...] fraternal relations in order to create well-balanced societies where harmony and peace can reign, and to regulate any problems that may arise through dialogue and negotiation, without using any form of violence, which always affects the weakest and poorest people."

Benedict XVI explained how "solidarity and fraternity are a definitive expression of the fundamental love we must show our brothers and sisters, because all people with responsibility in public life are primarily called to make their mission one of service to their compatriots and, in a broader sense, to all the inhabitants of the planet."

The Holy Father concluded his remarks by indicating that, "for their part, the local Churches will not fail to do everything possible to make their contribution to the wellbeing of their compatriots, sometimes in difficult situations. Their desire is tirelessly to continue serving human beings, all human beings, without discrimination of any kind."

Tanzania and Uganda

In his speech, delivered in written form, to the ambassador of Tanzania, the Pope recalled how the country, "is also held in esteem for the important role undertaken by its political leaders in the process of pacification of the Great Lakes Region" and for its "generous hospitality to refugees fleeing from hostilities in neighboring countries."

The Holy Father also noted certain negative trends such as "an increase in the regional traffic of arms and interruptions in important initiatives of dialogue and reconciliation," and affirmed that the Holy See "continues to exhort all who hold responsibility in the region not to lose confidence in the value of dialogue, but to explore with an open mind and follow all possibilities that may lead to the conclusion of a lasting peace."

In his discourse to the Ugandan representative, Benedict XVI noted the country's achievements "in the fields of education, development and health care, especially in the struggle against HIV/AIDS, with dedicated attention to those affected and a successful policy of prevention based on continence and the promotion of faithfulness in marriage."

He also praised "the culmination of efforts to formalize peace agreements and to bring to a conclusion the long years of warfare marked by cruel and senseless violence." The Pontiff expressed his hopes that all displaced people may "return to their homes and resume a peaceful and productive existence."

Liberia, Chad and Bangladesh

Benedict XVI told the ambassador of Liberia of his satisfaction with "the decision by the International Monetary Fund [...] to take steps toward cancelling Liberia's debt."

He also underlined the importance of the "educational apostolate," noting how "many of your children and young people have been traumatized by the experience of war, some of them forced to become soldiers and to abandon their education, resulting in low levels of literacy across the population. The Church in such circumstances seeks to offer the people hope, to give them faith in the future."

The Pope noted to the ambassador of Chad that "the quality of relations between religious communities living in Chad, especially between Christians and Muslims, is an important element on the country's path to reconciliation."

"I am confident that your country's active participation in bodies such as the United Nations will contribute to the 'culture of peace,' which Bangladesh desires to build at home and abroad," the Bishop of Rome wrote in his speech to the Bangladeshi ambassador.

Belarus and Guinea

Benedict XVI wrote to the ambassador of Belarus: "Considered as an integral part of the life and destiny of Belarus, the Catholic Church looks forward to continuing to exercise her role in society through her various structures and institutions," which "seek only to serve men and women and all of society through the transmission of universal values inspired by the Gospel."

"In this regard the Catholic Church in Belarus, from both the Latin and Byzantine traditions, does not ask for special privileges but only to contribute to the growth and development of the country," he said. "All she requests is the freedom to be able to fulfil serenely the mandate received from the divine founder in service of his creation. In this same spirit and with the same sense of mutual responsibility, the Catholics of Belarus are committed to moving forward in the area of ecumenical dialogue, especially with the Orthodox Church in your country."

To the ambassador of Guinea, the Pope expressed his hope that "following the painful trials the nation has been through, active cooperation may consolidate stability and encourage fraternity among the people." He also made clear his hope that the international community may support such efforts.

Sri Lanka and Nigeria

To the diplomat from Sri Lanka, Benedict XVI noted how "Catholics in Sri Lanka, together with other Christians, are united with many Buddhists, Hindus and Muslims in the ardent longing for lasting peace in the country and a definitive end to long-standing grievances. Sadly, violence continues to take its toll on the populace, causing grave concern to the Holy See and the international community."

He also mentioned the government's decision to set up a commission of inquiry to investigate cases of human rights violations, making particular reference to "Father Jim Brown and his assistant, whose whereabouts are still unknown, almost two years after their disappearance."

Finally, the Holy Father praised Nigeria for the dynamism it "has introduced into the struggle against corruption and crime and the strengthening of the rule of law. [...] I pray that politicians and social workers, professional people in the fields of economy, medicine and law, police officers and judges, and all involved in combating crime and corruption will work together diligently for the protection of life and property, supported by the loyal cooperation of all citizens.

"The Church will not fail to make her specific contribution by offering an integral education based on honesty, integrity and love of God and neighbor."

The ambassadors are Ahmada Rweyemamu Ngemera of Tanzania; Nyine Bitahwa of Uganda; Wesley Momo Johnson of Liberia, Hissein Brahim Taha of Chad; Debapriya Bhattacharya of Bangladesh; Sergei Aleinik of Belarus; Alexandre Cece Loua of Guinea, Tikiri Bandara Maduwegedera of Sri Lanka, and Obed Wadzani of Nigeria.


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Laity Council Site Dedicated to Women

Web Page Continues Reflection From Vatican Conference

By Miriam Díez i Bosch

VATICAN CITY, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- There is a need for continued reflection on the complementarity of men and women, and a new Web site aims to help fill this need, affirmed an official of the Pontifical Council for the Laity.

The site launched by that Vatican dicastery is a fruit of the conference it hosted last February on "Woman and Man: The 'Humanum' in its Entirety." The Vatican conference marked the 20th anniversary of John Paul II's apostolic letter "Mulieris Dignitatem." Benedict XVI addressed the conference participants the day it ended.

Rocío Figueroa Alvear, the pontifical council's director of its department on women, told ZENIT that the site is a consequence of the interest shown by the 280 delegates at the conference, who said it is necessary "to continue the reflection begun there, showing at the same time the importance of tightening the links between movements, associations, and concrete individuals who work for the promotion of the dignity and mission of the woman."

One of the objectives of the site is to "go deeper in anthropological questions, which spring from the original unity of the person, upon which is based the reciprocal relationship between man and woman," Figueroa said. "And this, without leaving aside the reflection about the anthropological differences between the 'feminine I' and the 'masculine I," which, far from becoming an obstacle or a deep and insuperable abyss between man and woman, contributes the elements for a greater richness in the expression of the 'humanum' in every dimension of society."

The site was developed with a sense of being "in ecclesia," Figueroa said, "in company with all of the women who have gone before us in the faith with their testimony of holiness and life."

It also aims to take into account women who suffer.

"In finding ourselves with new cultural paradigms and new challenges," Figueroa noted, "we do not forget that there are still so many places in the world where the dignity of the woman is not recognized, and is even wounded, suffering the consequences of misery, violence and marginalization."

--- --- ---

On the Net:

www.laici.org/index.php?p=homedonna


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WORLD FEATURES

Vatican Confirms Excommunication of St. Louis Group

Hired Suspended Priest for St. Stanislaus

ST. LOUIS, Missouri, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- A decision by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith confirmed an earlier declaration from the St. Louis archbishop that the board of directors of the St. Stanislaus Kostka Corporation and the priest they hired are excommunicated.

The corporation is associated with what used to be St. Stanislaus Kostka parish.

Archbishop Raymond Burke, in his weekly column in the St. Louis Review to be published Friday, explained the history of the Vatican congregation clarification.

He noted that in 2005, he "was obliged to declare the excommunication of the members of the board of directors of St. Stanislaus Kostka Corporation because of their persistence in schism. The members of the board had committed the most grievous delict of schism by hiring a suspended priest, that is, a priest not in good standing in the Church, for the purpose of attempting to celebrate the sacraments and sacramentals at St. Stanislaus Kostka Church, all outside of the communion of the Catholic Church."

The priest involved, Father Marek Bozek of the Diocese of Springfield-Cape Girardeau, had left his priestly assignment against the expressed will of his bishop, Bishop John Leibrecht, in order to be hired by the St. Stanislaus Kostka Corporation.

The priest was suspended from all acts of the power of Holy Orders and of governance.

In St. Louis, Archbishop Burke said he "urged [Father Bozek] to be obedient to his bishop and not to participate in the schismatic activity of the Board of Directors of Saint Stanislaus Kostka Corporation. Reverend Bozek also refused to follow my direction and, likewise, incurred the penalty of excommunication because of persistence in schism."

The board appealed for a review, but the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith took two actions, the archbishop explained: "First, it has rejected the recourse presented by the Board of Directors of Saint Stanislaus Kostka Corporation, including Reverend Bozek. In other words, it has found the recourse to be without foundation.

"Secondly, the Congregation has confirmed my decrees of December 15, 2005, by which I declared that the members of the Board of Directors had incurred the canonical penalty of excommunication because of persistence in schism."


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Spokesman: Pope's Relationship With Press Growing

Father Lombardi Sees Effects of Benedict XVI's Positive Attitude

TORONTO, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Three years after his election to the See of Peter, Benedict XVI's relationship with the press has markedly developed, and the Pope's U.S. trip reflects the newness, said the Vatican spokesman.

Jesuit Father Federico Lombardi, director of the Vatican press office, this change is due in large part to the Holy Father's positive vision of the press and the service it offers.

The spokesman affirmed this today at 2008 Catholic Media Convention taking place in Toronto, Canada, through Friday, on the theme "Proclaim It From the Rooftops."

The conference has gathered some 500 members of the Catholic Press Association and the Catholic Academy for Communication Arts Professionals -- professionals in the fields of Catholic print and audiovisual communications, as well as Catholic communications and public relations directors -- for the purpose of spiritual, economic and professional development.

Father Lombardi, who also directs Vatican Radio and Vatican Television, revealed elements of this attitude. He noted that, like Pope John Paul II, Benedict XVI meets with the press directors after each of his trips to evaluate the impact his message has had.

"This approach impresses me deeply," the priest confessed. It speaks about the Pope's "awareness that the media are fundamental and necessary for spreading any message."

Reviewing the Holy Father's trip to the United States, Father Lombardi attributed the success above all to the Pope's "cordial and positive approach toward the American people."

"He understood how to express the values on which the history of the American people has been based since the beginning: love and respect for freedom and religious experience, and the desire to build a society that welcomes and respects others and their beliefs," he said.

Strong message

Benedict XVI prefers to always use the language of proposing, and not of condemning, the spokesman added. "It is no accident that the Pope's first encyclical was on love, the second on hope. No accident either that his first book was about Jesus, who shows us the face of God."

When he speaks to young people too, Father Lombardi affirmed, "Benedict XVI insists that ours is not a religion of prohibitions, of 'no's.' Rather, it is based on the great 'yes' of love."

The Pope does this work, the Jesuit continued, with trust in reason and patience in communicating strong messages. For example, he said, Benedict XVI did not give his speech to the United Nations "for show."

"He didn't use language meant to fire the imagination or cause a sensation. He wanted to plumb the depths, to affirm basic principles," he said. "This is the answer the Pope gives every day to relativism and subjectivism."

And, Father Lombardi continued, the Pontiff does not avoid difficult problems "but has the courage to tell the truth," as he did when he spoke of the sexual abuse and as he showed when he had a special meeting with the victims.

"The Pope understood that to heal the wounds of the past, there was need for the kind of sincerity that is absolutely devoid of uncertainty. We are all grateful to Pope Benedict for this," the spokesman said.

Authenticity

Finally, Father Lombardi attributed the development of the Holy Father's relation with the press to the fact that the Pope "is himself," without trying to hide behind an image.

"With time, the media is getting to know him better," he said. "Not only is his teaching deep and coherent, seen up-close, he is a kind, humble and gentle person. Sometimes this has proven a most effective force."

When he visited the mosque in Istanbul, Father Lombadi mentioned as an example, during an extremely delicate trip in search of dialogue with the Muslim world after the discussions and misunderstandings surrounding his Regensburg speech, he showed that "an image is worth dozens of theoretical statements about respect for Islam."

"Benedict is no longer just a great teacher," the Jesuit concluded. "More and more he is becoming an engagingly human pastor."


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Prelate: Catholic Press Should Help in Search for God

Social Communications President Notes Media Vocation

TORONTO, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The vocation of the Catholic communicator consists in offering answers to the search for God, affirmed the Vatican official in charge of the social communications council.

Archbishop Claudi Celli affirmed this at the 2008 Catholic Media Convention taking place in Toronto, Canada, through Friday, on the theme "Proclaim It From the Rooftops."

The conference has gathered some 500 members of the Catholic Press Association and the Catholic Academy for Communication Arts Professionals -- professionals in the fields of Catholic print and audiovisual communications, as well as Catholic communications and public relations directors -- for the purpose of spiritual, economic and professional development.

"I am convinced that within the human heart there is a deep yearning for God -- something I like to call a 'nostalgia for God,'" he said to the participants at the conference. "This feeling is most immediately felt when the human subject confronts the reality of his or her own solitude.

"It is in moments of solitude that the individual is unable to avoid a consideration of the ultimate questions concerning life and death and the point and purpose of his or her personal existence. It is perhaps for this very reason that so many humans seek to avoid such moments of solitude and are tempted to lose themselves in the world of constant communications and perpetual 'busy-ness.'"

Solitude

Archbishop Celli said the questioning that arises in the depths of solitude is "a question about the very essence of their own existence. In the final analysis, the individual is confronting a question that is not merely the product of his or her own reflection but one that issues from beyond the existence of any one individual. It is this very question that mysteriously grounds the being of the individual."

"If we are not attentive to this dimension of human existence, if we are deaf to the echo of the question which reveals itself in a desire for a destiny that can shape human life, we can never establish an authentic human relationship," Archbishop Celli warned, affirming that true communication between humans -- and it is precisely as communicators that we come together -- demands an openness to this basic yearning.

The Vatican official explained that "today, we are faced with unprecedented challenges, as well as marvelous possibilities, magnified by the rapid development of technological innovation revolutionizing communication in all its different forms."

He noted: "The cultural changes which have resulted from these developments require deep reflection and innovative thinking so that we can better reach out to others and better communicate the Good News to all humanity -- whether practicing Catholics or non-believers, whether in religious or overwhelmingly secular contexts.

"Our message is always the same -- Jesus of Nazareth must always be at the heart of our proclamation -- but how we present him to a changing world and how we communicate his message needs to be continually reformulated and adapted to the moment and the context."

--- --- ---

On the Net:

Full text of Archbishop Celli's speech: http://www.zenit.org/article-22734?l=english


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NEWS BRIEFS

Church Urges Peace After FARC Leader's Death

BOGOTA, Colombia, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The Church in Colombia is inviting the FARC guerrilla army to give peace another chance now that its founder and leader has died.

Bishop Fabián Marulanda, the secretary-general of Colombia's episcopal conference, said that the death of FARC's founder, Manuel Marulanda, can be an opportunity for the guerrillas to realize that power cannot be obtained through violence.

Marulanda perhaps died in March. The FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) confirmed Sunday that the 80-year-old leader was dead, saying that he passed away after a brief illness. More details were not given.

Marulanda founded FARC more than 40 years ago and has been rumored to be dead at least 17 times.

The bishop told the press that the leader's death "can be an opportunity for the FARC to realize the difficulties they are going to have in maintaining their position and maintaining this ideal of obtaining the government using arms."

Nevertheless, Bishop Marulanda also asked Colombia's president to be prudent in the wake of FARC's announcement: "Triumphs should be managed with more prudence even than defeats, because the defeated or wounded can react in an unexpected way. The commanders of the guerrilla forces must be sorrowful at the death of he who was their icon, their supreme idol."


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Countdown to SYDNEY

50 Days; Melbourne Takes up the Cross

Sydney Is Getting Ready for the Pilgrims

By Catherine Smibert

SYDNEY, Australia, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- If they didn't know it before, the residents of Sydney now know that World Youth Day pilgrims will soon be flooding their streets, shores, shopping malls and media.

The city's consciousness was awakened last weekend when scores of young volunteers in Sydney gave up their Saturday to hand out postcards and balloons, informing the people of Sydney of the upcoming youth day.

The event is part of the archdiocesan Catholic Youth Service (CYS) strategy to engage the wider community in the activities to take place July 15-20. The mission is called "Operation Activate" -- or "Act1v8" -- based on the theme of the World Youth Day as taken from Acts 1:8.

Event coordinator of the CYS team, Vincent Haber, told me that the occasion was just one activity among many promotional engagements the group has been coordinating over the last couple of years.

"With this exercise though, we brought out the fresh face of World Youth Day, coupled with our enthusiasm for it, to the general public who could stop, ask questions, have a chat and get concise information booklets which aren't available online," he added.

Participant Monica Doumit, 26, felt the activity was vital in combating some of the negative secular press around the event. "There are people who have heard about World Youth Day, but many of them needed to have the facts clarified and be personally invited before taking that step toward volunteering or even registering."

Doumit's friend, Vicki Kassouf, added that she liked the chance to evangelize: "Some people were a little nervous about being open in their faith and it was so special when they stopped for a chat and talked about their past experiences and faith journey."

Corinne Lindsell, a 24-year-old homestay coordinator for her parish, noted that "the momentum was there, the excitement was there, and the reality that it is only seven weeks away hit home."

On Sunday, the Sydney bishops, priests and seminarians led the same youth team and general parishioners in a Corpus Christi procession.

The event attracted a lot of attention by passers by, and Sydney's youth were again on hand wearing T-shirts with the encouraging words "ask me" printed across them.

"Being able to use today as a trigger to discuss our faith with those on the streets is such a special witness we've given to our city," said 23-year-old World Youth Day coordinator for Franciscan youth, Ben Galea. "It's just a taste of what World Youth Day will do to our whole country."

On Monday -- exactly 50 days before the youth event -- the World Youth Day organizing committee held a press conference to unveil Benedict XVI's scheduled face-to-face encounters with young people.

These include the traditional lunch with 12 selected youth; a Mass with seminarians during which the Pope will bless and dedicate the cathedral's new altar; and a unique request made by Benedict XVI himself to meet with some of Sydney's disadvantaged young people.

"Those he will meet are young people alienated from the many positive messages that World Youth Day promotes," said Bishop Anthony Fisher at the press conference.

The coordinator of the youth day added, "This will be a beginning point that links them into the ongoing healing mission of the Catholic Church."

With 50 days to go, excitement is building, according to Activ8 volunteer, Monica Doumit. "Seeing the impact of those encounters last weekend alone, and recalling my experience in Cologne, now I can't help but engage everyone in World Youth Day conversation.

"I find myself talking about World Youth Day on the train, to the guy that I'm buying coffee from, at work and everywhere because we young people know its potential!"

* * *

Blogging a Journey

If you didn't catch the World Youth Day cross, icon and Aboriginal message stick as they traveled through Melbourne from April 25 to May 10, check on line.

The World Youth Day symbols have been traveling all over Australia, touching the lives of many Australians, but the Archdiocese of Melbourne wanted to reach out to even more by posting the events of the cross, icon and message stick online.

Belinda White, communications manager for Melbourne's Days in the Diocese, says that it's vital to utilize modern technologies combined with these events with "the aim to encourage young people to embrace their spiritual identity, celebrate empowerment and spread the strong message of peace."

The blog for the Melbourne journey of the cross and icon is filled with up-to-date video streaming, photos and reports composed "from the heart," as White says.

White and her team are highly conscious to engage all the pilgrims destined for Melbourne's Days in the Dioceses to know what they're about to experience.

She tells the youth of the world to be assured of meeting many faithful friends in Melbourne as the numbers of the attendees to these cross and icon events over the first six days alone drew double the amount of young people as the Melbourne team originally forecast.

Tim Davies, Days in the Diocese project officer looking after youth engagement and international liaison, observed with interest how the occasions have "gone beyond just the usual group we expected to attend and it was refreshing to see new faces from all over."

He says that though many are turning up not knowing what to expect, the impact of the journey of the cross and icon activities and symbols upon them is noteworthy.

"I have literally watched transformations," the young leader insists. "Girls from a particular school began one event by standing by distracted and uninterested. I observed their whole demeanor change as it came to be their turn to take up the cross. The reverence it suddenly inspired was astounding."

He continued with the example of "another occasion which had the students from six schools reflecting on the charisms of their respective founders. And when it came to Marcellin College, 50 teenage boys broke into spontaneous Latin a cappella song."

Stylistically, the week's events of the Journey of the Cross and Icon is indicative of the Days in the Diocese programming Melbourne is planning for July 10-14, noted Brother Mark Connors who heads up the Melbourne Days in the Diocese offices.

"Our mission is to serve and inspire young people here on their way to Sydney," he told me, "and we aim to do this through celebrating our Catholicity in the living Church of Melbourne, providing generous hospitality for pilgrims and creating opportunities where the gifts of life and faith are exchanged."

Brother Connors said Melbourne is expecting 25,000 youth from all over the world to visit the city and that "they are all set to be treated to a smorgasbord of events -- the biggest youth event ever to be staged in Victoria -- to prepare them better for their pilgrimage to Sydney."

* * *

On the Road

A common saying for youth day pilgrims is, "It's not the destination but the pilgrimage that counts." To that end, Sydney is gearing up to make journeying around the city as smooth as possible

The state government of New South Wales has created a World Youth Day Coordination Authority, and it is responsible for making all citizens aware of the events to take place this July. Large electronic road signs across the state have been programmed to count down the days to the World Youth Day celebrations, as well as call for volunteers to help out with it.

The authority has also created a system via their Web site "to provide the community -- participants and non-participants alike -- with the information they will need to plan and manage their lives, their businesses and their travel during the week of World Youth Day activities."

The Road and Traffic Authority will also provide detailed information to the site regarding detailed road closures, traffic flow alterations and additional public transport that will be in place for the events.

Apprehensions have been raised about the organization of roads and public transport for the pilgrims, but the World Youth Day organizers and the state of New South Wales assure that with just under three months to go, transport coordination for the mobility of both pilgrims and citizens is well under way.

When a journalist questioned Bishop Anthony Fisher, coordinator of the youth day, about the inconvenience of the event to citizens, the prelate stated, "When you have someone to your home to stay, it always puts you out a little from your average routine […] but that's the nature of hospitality."

"I'm sure that once the youth of the world are smiling throughout the streets of Sydney," he added, "we will forget about complaining."

* * *

Catherine Smibert is a freelance writer in Sydney, Australia.


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DOCUMENTS at ZENIT Web Page

2008 Catholic Media Congress Speeches

TORONTO, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The full texts of the addresses given by Archbishop Claudio Celli, president of the Pontifical Council for Social Communications, and Jesuit Father Federico Lombardi, director of the Vatican press office, to the Catholic Media Convention 2008 are available on the ZENIT Web site.

The theme of the congress, being held through Friday in Toronto, is "Proclaim it From the Rooftops."

--- --- ---

Archbishop Celli: http://www.zenit.org/article-22734?l=english

Father Lombardi: http://www.zenit.org/article-22735?l=english


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DOCUMENTS

Benedict XVI's Address to Ugandan Envoy

"New Hope Has Arisen for the People of Northern Uganda"

VATICAN CITY, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here is the text of Benedict XVI's English-language address today to Nyine Bitahwa, Uganda's new ambassador to the Holy See.

* * *

Your Excellency,

I am pleased to welcome you to the Vatican and to accept the Letters of Credence by which you are appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Uganda to the Holy See. I appreciate the greetings which you have conveyed on behalf of His Excellency Mr Yoweri Museveni, President of the Republic, and I gladly reciprocate with my own good wishes and the assurance of my prayers for His Excellency and all the people of Uganda.

The Holy See establishes diplomatic relations with States with a view to achieving mutual cooperation for the spiritual and material good of their populations. In this regard, the efforts made in your country in the struggle against poverty and its underlying causes are most encouraging. Human development, through the availability of employment, suitable housing and the extension of educational opportunities, is an indispensable factor in the economic and social progress of a nation. Much has been achieved in Uganda in the fields of education, development and health care, especially in the struggle against HIV/AIDS with dedicated attention to those affected and a successful policy of prevention based on continence and the promotion of faithfulness in marriage. True to her commitment to preach love of God and neighbour, the Catholic Church will continue to cooperate with civil authorities, especially in these areas which help to better the human condition.

Mr Ambassador, you have spoken of your people's joy at seeing the culmination of efforts to formalize peace agreements and to bring to a conclusion the long years of warfare marked by cruel and senseless violence. The Church, in view of her call to enlighten consciences, cannot but express her joy at what has been achieved, and her earnest hope that conditions of full security will soon prevail, allowing all displaced people to return to their homes and resume a peaceful and productive existence. In this regard, I wish to convey the Holy See's appreciation to all who have raised their voice against violence and hatred, and to all who have contributed to a negotiated search for peace. I encourage all involved to take part generously in the task of repair and rebuilding after so many years of turmoil and abandonment. That this task is taking place amid fears of a world-wide food shortage and rising prices should be a further stimulus to dedication and perseverance in consolidating peace, reconciliation and reconstruction. I trust that the population's strong desire for peace will inspire the Government to continue to carry out its regional responsibilities and to do all that is in its power to ensure stability and reconciliation throughout the region, where lasting peace will only be possible when all parties involved adhere to international agreements and commit themselves to full respect for national borders. Much has to be done in these years but new hope has arisen for the people of Northern Uganda and their neighbours. May Almighty God assist them in their efforts to begin life anew.

No nation today is free from the influence of globalization with its benefits and its challenges. This phenomenon facilitates trade opportunities, access to information and the communication of values. Unfortunately, it can also promote superficial lifestyles and attitudes that undermine healthy customs based on moral truth and virtue. Men and women of goodwill in Africa rightly reject destructive outlooks which are associated with greed, corruption and the many forms of personal and social disintegration. Democracy and the rule of law are not nurtured by materialism, individualism and moral relativism but by integrity and mutual confidence, especially when sustained by committed and selfless leaders who are willing to offer their service to their fellow citizens for the building up of the common good. It is my fervent prayer that the genuine benefits of contemporary culture will enrich the existence of all Ugandans in harmony with what is true and healthy in the values that have been transmitted from generation to generation.

In this regard the country you represent, Mr Ambassador, embodies many important characteristics found in African culture, such as: a respectful attitude to parental authority and a religious way of seeing important moments of human existence, promoting deep respect for the dignity of every human life from conception to natural death. This is the rich background in which generations of Africans have been educated and from which the seed of the Christian Gospel has produced abundant fruits. The Catholic Church appreciates this heritage for its own sake and because of its harmonious relationship with fundamental truths of the natural moral order and with basic tenets of the faith. I assure you, Mr Ambassador, that the Church will continue to play her part in the defence and promotion of these principles. She sees it as her mission to consolidate and complement them in the marvellous plenitude of the Gospel.

Your Excellency, I have spoken of topics of essential interest both to State and Church and areas in which undoubtedly cooperation will continue to bear fruit for a better future for all Ugandans. The various departments of the Roman Curia will be happy to assist you in your mission as your country's representative to the Holy See. I am pleased to assure you of my prayers as you begin your mandate and I invoke Almighty God's abundant blessings upon you and your family, and upon the people of Uganda.


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Papal Address to Tanzanian Ambassador

"Education ... Is One of the Most Important Factors in Development"

VATICAN CITY, MAY 29, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here is the text of Benedict XVI's English-language address today to Ahmada Rweyemamu Ngemera, Tanzania's new ambassador to the Holy See.

* * *

Your Excellency,

It is my pleasure to welcome you to the Vatican and to accept the Letters of Credence by which you are appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United Republic of Tanzania to the Holy See. I am grateful for the courteous greetings and sentiments of good will which you have expressed on behalf of His Excellency, Mr Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, President of the Republic, whom I had the pleasure of meeting. I ask you kindly to convey my gratitude and my personal good wishes to His Excellency the President, to the Government and to the Tanzanian people.

Your country, Mr Ambassador, is looked upon with respect and appreciation by people in East Africa for its stability and its climate of tolerance and peace. Tanzania is also held in esteem for the important role undertaken by its political leaders in the process of pacification of the Great Lakes Region and other international peacekeeping initiatives. The generous hospitality offered to refugees fleeing from hostilities in neighbouring countries, in spite of domestic economic difficulties, has also awakened due appreciation for the noble sentiments of the Tanzanian people. Some negative trends such as an increase in the regional traffic of arms and interruptions in important initiatives of dialogue and reconciliation have cast doubts recently on the immediate future of the peace process. It is not surprising in this regard that responsible leaders and many men and women of good will are eager to see this process sustained at all costs and brought to fulfilment. No effort should be spared in order to recreate the indispensable conditions for normal living, development and cultural advancement of the populations affected. The Holy See joins its voice to this appeal and continues to exhort all who hold responsibility in the region not to loose confidence in the value of dialogue, but to explore with an open mind and follow all possibilities that may lead to the conclusion of a lasting peace.

Tanzania can be proud of its inheritance of harmonious coexistence between different ethnic and religious groups handed down to the present generations from founding President Julius Nyerere and other important statesmen. Every generation must continue to cherish and protect this treasure. Care must be taken that the common good of all Tanzanians and the dignity and the authentic rights of all persons may prevail over the particular demands or interests of certain groups. In this regard discernment and decisive action on the part of authorities are needed to curb favouritism or initiatives that would be incompatible with a political project based on universal human rights and the rule of law, and could carry in some circumstances seeds of intolerance and violence. The Catholic Church is committed to fostering positive ethnic relations and dialogue with members of other religions as a fundamental component of her desire to give witness to God’s universal love. It gives her great joy to assist society in establishing an environment of good will between all men and women based on mutual knowledge, appreciation and respect.

Creating the proper environment and structures for the economic development of a country is one of the important goals in the task of good governance. International trust and goodwill towards Tanzania has been successfully generated not least by efforts to combat corruption, and the economy has responded with steady progress. Experience in many developing countries shows that accountability and transparency, especially in the use of public funds, not only upholds the necessary moral integrity of those in office, but is in itself an indispensable economic factor for stable progress. Great care has to be taken in order to continue along this path, together with a clear will to bring the less favoured sectors to a just and active participation in the common economic growth. As your country continues to undertake works of infrastructure and promote investments in support of agriculture and industry, it is my hope that your people will work with confidence for the good of their homeland and that Tanzania will always find openness, trust and effective support at international levels.

I am pleased to note that considerable efforts have been made to promote wider access to education in the knowledge that it is one of the most important factors in development. Training programmes have also been wisely established for teachers and for other personnel in schools and health centres since the construction of adequate facilities cannot be separated from the complementary effort to prepare qualified staff. I thank you Mr Ambassador for your words of appreciation of the service that the Catholic Church offers to the people of your country. Both in education and health services, care must be taken to provide financial resources to the different projects or institutions on the basis of pressing need or merit. Equity and transparency in this area greatly facilitate a spirit of loyal cooperation between private initiative and public agencies. In these same fields of development institutions must continue to expand and improve in quality in order to respond to the needs of the population. I am sure that Tanzanian Catholics will not fail to offer their specific contribution through the Church’s institutions and initiatives, animated by Christian service of neighbour and generous love of their country.

Your Excellency, on the occasion of your presentation as the United Republic of Tanzania’s representative at the Vatican, I have given expression to some of the Holy See’s perspectives and sincere hopes for your country. May your mission serve to strengthen the ties existing between the Tanzanian people and the Holy See. Be assured that the various departments of the Roman Curia will be ready to assist you in your task. With my prayers and best wishes for the success of your mission, I invoke Almighty God's abundant blessings upon you and your family, and upon the people of your country.


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Wednesday, May 28, 2008

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The World Seen From Rome

Daily dispatch - May 28, 2008


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VATICAN DOSSIER
Pope: Gregory Worthy of Title "Magnus"
Benedict XVI: Media Have Urgent Duty
Vatican Gives Guidelines on Religious Obedience
Israeli-Holy See Panel Concludes Another Round

WORLD FEATURES
Vatican Spokesman Awarded Doctorate
Cardinal: Every Catholic Should Evangelize
A Risk or Opportunity? Cardinal Explains Dialogue

NEWS BRIEFS
Boston's Cardinal Evangelizing via E-mail
Cardinal Dias Notes Hope for Church in China

DOCUMENTS AT ZENIT WEB PAGE
Cardinal Tauran on Interreligious Dialouge

DOCUMENTS
On Gregory the Great



VATICAN DOSSIER

Pope: Gregory Worthy of Title "Magnus"

Says He Was True "Peacemaker"

VATICAN CITY, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Pope Gregory the Great is a man worthy of the title "magnus," says Benedict XVI.

The Pope said this today upon delivering his weekly catechesis today in St. Peter's Square, during which he commented on "one of the greatest fathers in the history of the Church."

Benedict XVI recounted that Gregory the Great, who governed the Church from 590 to 604, is venerated as a doctor of the Church. He was born into a noble Roman family, and embarked on a successful career in civil service.

"That life did not satisfy him," the Pontiff said, "and it was not long before he decided to leave all civil posts to retire to his home and begin the life of a monk."

The Holy Father added that Gregory would later write that this time of his life was "a happy time of recollection in God, of dedication to prayer, and of serene immersion in study."

Gregory's learning and experience, and his outstanding personal gifts, led Pope Pelagius to appoint Gregory as the papal representative to the imperial court in Constantinople.

Nuncio

"His stay in Constantinople, where he again took up the monastic life with a group of monks, was most important for Gregory, as it allowed him to gain direct experience in the Byzantine world, as well as to address the problem of the Lombards, which would later acutely test his ability and energy in the years of his pontificate," said the Pope

Gregory was later called back to Rome to serve as Pelagius' secretary.

Then, upon the death of Pelagius, the people, the clergy and the Senate unanimously elected Gregory as the Successor of Peter. "He tried to resist," recounted Benedict XVI, "even seeking to flee, but it was all to no avail: In the end, he had to give in."

"Recognizing in all that had happened the will of God, the new Pontiff began to work immediately with determination," continued the Holy Father. "From the beginning he revealed a singularly lucid vision of reality against which he should be measured, an extraordinary capacity for work in addressing both ecclesial as well as civil issues, a constant balance in making decisions, also courageous, which his mission imposed on him."

Peacemaker

Benedict XVI commented on one particular problem afflicting Italy and Rome during the pontificate of Gregory, that of the Lombard invaders: "To it the Pope dedicated all possible energy in the hope of a truly peaceful solution.

"St. Gregory looked on these people with the eyes of the Good Shepherd, concerned about proclaiming to them the word of salvation, establishing with them relations of fraternity oriented toward a future peace founded on reciprocal respect and peaceful coexistence among Italians, imperialists and Lombards."

The Holy Father continue: "To obtain an effective peace in Rome and Italy, to which the Pope was fully committed -- he was a real peacemaker -- he undertook a close negotiation with the Lombard King Agilulfo.

"This conversation led to a period of truce that lasted some three years -- 598-601 -- after which it was possible to stipulate in 603 a more stable armistice."

Social activist

Benedict XVI affirmed the Gregory the Great was also active in social issues:" With the income of the conspicuous patrimony that the Roman See had in Italy, especially in Sicily, he purchased and distributed wheat, assisted those in need, helped priests, monks and nuns who lived in indigence, paid the ransom for citizens who had been made prisoners of the Lombards, and obtained armistices and truces.

"Moreover, he carried out -- both in Rome as well as in other parts of Italy -- a determined effort for administrative reorganization, giving precise instructions so that the goods of the Church, useful for its subsistence and evangelizing work in the world, could be managed with absolute rectitude and according to the rules of justice and mercy.

"He demanded that tenant farmers be protected from the abuses of the managers of lands that were the property of the Church and, in case of fraud, that they be speedily indemnified, so that the face of the Bride of Christ not be contaminated with dishonest profits."

Results

"Despite the most difficult conditions in which he had to act," continued the Pope, "[Gregory] succeeded in winning, thanks to the holiness of his life and his rich humanity, the trust of the faithful, obtaining for his time and for the future truly great results.

"He was a man immersed in God: The desire for God was always alive in the depth of his soul and precisely because of this he was always very close to his neighbor, to the needs of the people of his time.

"During a disastrous and desperate time, he knew how to give peace and hope."

"This man of God," concluded the Holy Father, "shows us the true fonts of peace, from which comes true hope, and so becomes a guide also for us today."


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Benedict XVI: Media Have Urgent Duty

Addresses North American Communicators

TORONTO, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI thinks the value of communication lies in its truthfulness and respect for the common good, and media professionals have a duty to promote this.

The Pope affirmed this in a message he sent to the 2008 Catholic Media Convention taking place in Toronto, Canada, through Friday, on the theme "Proclaim It From the Rooftops."

The conference has gathered some 500 members of the Catholic Press Association and the Catholic Academy for Communication Arts Professionals -- professionals in the fields of Catholic print and audiovisual communications, as well as Catholic communications and public relations directors -- for the purpose of spiritual, economic and professional development.

In the message, read by Archbishop Claudio Celli, president of the Pontifical Council for Social Communications, the Holy Father expressed his wish that the conference "will be a fruitful time of spiritual growth and professional development."

Citing "Spe Salvi," the Pontiff said, "In a world where the ambiguity of progress is increasingly apparent the contribution of those in the media to the promulgation of truth, goodness and beauty becomes an ever more urgent duty and task."

The Bishop of Rome expressed his confidence that "focused on Jesus Christ who is the truth which sets us free, the delegates will not only keep the ethical dimension at the forefront of their own ecclesial service but also resolve to seek ways to assist all who work in the media to recognize that the value of communication lies in its truthfulness and respect for the common good."


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Vatican Gives Guidelines on Religious Obedience

Congregation for Consecrated Life Releases Instruction

VATICAN CITY, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Obedience in the consecrated life is a journey in search of God, aiming at becoming aware of the design of his love, says a 50-page document released by the Vatican.

The Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life today published a 50-page instruction titled: "The Service of Authority and Obedience." It was presented this morning at an assembly of men and women superiors-general being held at the Salesianum in Rome.

A communiqué released by the congregation reported: "In the first place, the text examines the theme of religious obedience, the root of which is seen in that search for God and for his will which is particular to believers. [...] Christian and religious obedience does not, then, appear simply as the implementation of ecclesiastical or religious laws and rulings, but as the momentum of a journey in search of God, which involves listening to his Word and becoming aware of his design of love -- the fundamental experience of Christ, who, out of love, was obedient unto death on the cross.

"Authority in religious life must be understood in this light, in other words, as a way to help the community -- or institute -- to seek and achieve the will of God. Obedience, then, is not justified on the basis of religious authority, because everyone in a religious community -- first and foremost the authorities themselves -- are called to obedience. Authority places itself at the service on the community so that God's will may be sought and achieved together."

The communiqué noted that the question of religious authority should be placed in the context of a "great shared commitment to obedience."

Difficulties

The instruction also considers "the delicate matter of 'difficult obedience,' that in which what is requested of the religious is particularly hard to carry out, or in which the subject feels he sees 'things which are better and more useful for his soul than those which the superior orders him to do,'" the communiqué added. "Drawing from a still-relevant text of Paul VI, the document also dwells upon the possibility of 'objections of conscience' in the subject who must obey."

It continued: "The instruction seeks to recall, above all, that obedience in religious life can give rise to difficult moments, to situations of suffering in which it is necessary to refer back to the Obedient One par excellence, Christ. [...] It must, moreover, be borne in mind that authority too can be 'difficult,' experiencing moments of discouragement and fatigue which can lead to resignation or inattention in exercising an appropriate guidance [...] of the community.

"The reference to conscience helps people to consider obedience not just as a passive and irresponsible execution of orders, but as a conscious shouldering of commitments [...] which are a real actuation of the will of God."

"If the document contains a serene and faith-motivated exhortation to obedience, it also offers a vast and coherent set of guidelines for the exercise of authority," such as "inviting people to listen, favoring dialogue, sharing, co-responsibility, [...] and the merciful treatment of people" entrusted to authority, the communiqué added.

The instruction, the statement concluded, "gives particular resonance to the religious community as a place in which, under the guidance of the superior, a form of 'community discernment' must be exercised in decision-making. This practice, for the implementation of which important suggestions are offered, does not however eliminate the role of authority. [...] And it must not be forgotten that, by ancient tradition, the highest authority within religious institutes resides in the general chapter -- or similar institution -- which is a collegial body."


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Israeli-Holy See Panel Concludes Another Round

VATICAN CITY, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Members of the Bilateral Permanent Working Commission formed by representatives of the Holy See and Israel concluded a meeting with "cautious satisfaction," according to AsiaNews.

The meeting ended today with plans for the next round of talks to be held in Jerusalem in December, the news agency reported.

Meetings of the commission are focused on the "comprehensive agreement," mandated by the Fundamental Agreement, which Israel and the Holy See signed in 1993. Despite this agreement, negotiations since 1999 have had little progress.

The issues being discussed include the security of the Church's religious properties in Israel and the confirmation of historical tax exemptions, which the Church had at the time of Israel's establishment and that the United Nations ruled Israel must uphold.

The recent round of negotiations, which began in May 2007, followed a five-year stall. Another meeting was held last December.


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WORLD FEATURES

Vatican Spokesman Awarded Doctorate

Father Lombardi Helps "Fill Our World With God's Message"

TORONTO, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The director of the Vatican press office is a leader in filling the world with the message of God, said a representative of the University of Toronto in awarding the Vatican official an honorary doctorate.

Jesuit Father Federico Lombardi was given an honorary doctorate from the Regis College, the Jesuit graduate faculty of theology at one of Canada's leading universities. Jesuit Father David Eley, in presenting the degree, said Father Lombardi's ministry is "all in a day's work -- radio, television, press office -- each a mission to the highest end of bringing God's word to life."

Since 2001, Father Lombardi has directed the Vatican Television Center. In 2005, he took over directing Vatican Radio and, the following year, the Holy See's Information Office as well.

Last February, he was appointed a general consultor of the Society of Jesus.

"Both appointments are evidence of the trust and confidence both the Holy See and the Society place in Father Lombardi at this time of new directions," contended Father Eley. "In a marvelous way today, God continues to reveal his compassion and concern for us through the media in every form; print, radio, television, the film and Internet fill our world with God's message. A leader in this ministry is Father Federico Lombardi."

Friendship

In the reception following the awards ceremony, Jesuit Father Joseph Schner, president of Regis College, said that Father Lombardi is promoting friendship and communion in the Church, and friendship with the Lord.

Basilian Father Thomas Rosica, director of the Salt and Light television channel, noted his personal debt to the Vatican spokesman: "I have learned much from his gentle, quiet ways, his 'sensus Ecclesiae,' his humor and his ability to multi-task with such serenity."

For his part, Father Lombardi acknowledged: "When I ask myself how to summarize in a very few words the deeper significance of what has by now become my lengthy service in the field of social communications, I find ever greater resonance in the words: 'communication for union, communication for communion.'

"In this world, marked by so many divisions and so in need of reconciliation, words -- spoken or written -- or the message carried by an image, must in the first place serve to bring people together, to tell others the truth, to tell them what is good and beautiful; they must convey the joy of listening to someone who gives you something of their own knowledge, of their experience, of their life.

"And thus mutual knowledge also increases, mutual respect, and the desire to live and develop together in peace."


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Cardinal: Every Catholic Should Evangelize

Santiago Archbishop Looks at Aparecida 1 Year Later

SANTIAGO, Chile, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Being a Christian means being sent to build the Kingdom of God -- a particularly urgent mission for the Church in Latin America, according to the archbishop of Santiago.

Cardinal Francisco Errázuriz spoke of the "continental mission" in the latest edition of the Catholic University of Chile's review "Humanitas." The continental mission was called for by the 5th General Conference of the Bishops of Latin America and the Caribbean, which Benedict XVI opened near the shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida in Brazil in May 2007.

Cardinal Errázuriz was a co-president of the conference. His article in "Humanitas" relived his experience and assessed the year-long progress of the continental mission.

"Over the past decade, the number of Catholics has declined as never before in history, while Pentecostal communities and sects continue to multiply," the cardinal noted. "Indifference and unbelief have increased; the latter, in many countries, among many young people. The urgency to go out and evangelize has become an imperative."

Cardinal Errázuriz stressed that a return to Aparecida implies a renewed focus on its central message -- the call to follow the living Christ "who makes us his missionary disciples," a vocation to which all Catholics are called.

"To be a Christian does not consist merely in being baptized and participating occasionally or frequently in the celebrations of the People of God," he explained. "To be a Christian is to be always a missionary disciple of Jesus Christ, in communion with his own, sent to build his kingdom."

Disappearing

The cardinal lamented a progressive disappearance of the Christian spirit in the culture of Latin American nations.

"In many countries we carry on our shoulders the heavy cross of losing in the public domain, in political discourse and in much of the media, where there is no evidence of the meaning of our lives as Christians, and no memory of the contributions of Christianity to our peoples," he said.

Cardinal Errázuriz thus appealed for an evangelization of culture. It is necessary, he said, "to focus on the evangelization of our convictions, of our behavior and customs, on the cultivation of our relationship with nature, among ourselves, and with God."

He explained, "The Aparecida conference saw evidence in Latin America and the Caribbean of great wavering in the realm of convictions and values; the confusion caused by those who wish to replace the Catholic substratum of our culture with other models of life, family and social relations; a lack of coherence with the faith in innumerable baptized persons, and the inability demonstrated by so many architects of society to opt preferentially for the poor when it comes to key decisions."

Without exception

Cardinal Errázuriz also highlighted the universal responsibility of every Catholic in this mission, addressing in particular the lay faithful present in the secular world.

"The quest for the good of our peoples in all its secular dimensions, and the transformation of the structures of society so that they will be favorable to life, is a task that implies an option for the specific mission of the lay faithful in the midst of temporal realities, a responsible and active presence in the new and old Areopagi, in the cities and countryside, in the peripheries and in the centers of decision-making," he said.

The prelate further stressed the need to defend the fundamental role of the family in society and the essential right to life.

The Christian option for life, he said, "is also an option for the family, for the culture of life and for life itself. In regard to family ministry, after pointing out the threats that face the family as a living reality and as an institution, the document of Aparecida insistently appeals for a focus on the family, given that the family is the value most cherished by our peoples, [and this focus] should be taken up as one of the transversal axes of the whole evangelizing action of the Church."


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A Risk or Opportunity? Cardinal Explains Dialogue

Gives Case of Christian-Islam Relations as Example

LONDON, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Is interreligious dialogue a risk or an opportunity? It's both, said the president of the pontifical council dedicated to overseeing it.

Cardinal Jean-Louis Tauran, president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, spoke Tuesday at the University of London's Heythrop College about the many facets of dialogue.

His address began with a historical look at the role of religion in society, noting the 18th-century tendency to separate reason and faith.

He proposed that God -- dismissed in recent centuries -- "is reappearing in public discourse today. News stands are full of books and magazines on religious subjects, esotericism and the new religions. 'The revenge of God' has been spoken of."

The cardinal suggested that "men and women of this generation are once again asking themselves the essential questions on the meaning of life and death, on the meaning of history and of the consequences that amazing scientific discoveries might bring in their wake."

And thus, "we are all condemned to dialogue," Cardinal Tauran said.

And he explained: "What is dialogue? It is the search for an inter-understanding between two individuals with a view to a common interpretation of their agreement or their disagreement. It implies a common language, honesty in the presentation of one's position and the desire to do one's utmost to understand the other's point of view.

"In interreligious dialogue it is a question of taking a risk, not of accepting to give up my own convictions but of letting myself be called into question by the convictions of another, accepting to take into consideration arguments different to my own or those of my community."

3 goals

In this context, Cardinal Tauran explained the goals of the pontifical council he directs: "To further mutual knowledge, respect and collaboration among Catholics and the members of non-Christian religions; to encourage and coordinate the study of these religions; to promote the training of people destined for interreligious dialogue."

The Vatican official explained that it "is always in the interest of leaders of societies to encourage interreligious dialogue and to draw on the spiritual and moral heritage of religions for a number of values likely to contribute to mental harmony, to encounters between cultures and to the consolidation of the common good."

"Moreover," he continued, "all religions, in different ways, urge their followers to collaborate with all those who endeavor to assure respect for the dignity of the human person and his fundamental rights; develop a sense of brotherhood and mutual assistance; […] help the men and women of today to avoid being enslaved by fashion, consumerism and profit alone."

Thus, interreligious dialogue is both a risk and opportunity, the cardinal said.

Be not afraid

Cardinal Tauran acknowledged that many are frightened by dialogue.

"I answer that we should not fear religions: They generally preach brotherhood! It is their followers of whom we should be afraid. It is they who can pervert religion by putting it at the service of evil designs," he said.

The pontifical council president proposed a recipe for dialoguing: "It is necessary to have a clear-cut spiritual identity: to know in whom and in what one believes; consider the other not as a rival, but as a seeker of God; to agree to speak of what separates us and of the values that unite us."

He proposed the case of Islam: "What separates us cannot be camouflaged: the relationship with our respective Scriptures: for a Muslim the Quran is a 'supernatural dictation' recorded by the prophet of Islam, while for a Christian, revelation is not a book, but a person; the person of Jesus, whom Muslims consider to be only an exceptional prophet; the dogma of the Trinity which leads Muslims to say that we are polytheists.

"But there are also realities which see us united and sometimes even collaborating in the dissemination of the same cause: faith in the oneness of God, the author of life and of the material world; the sacred character of the human person which has permitted, for example, collaboration of the Holy See and of Muslim countries with the United Nations Organization to prevent resolutions that damage families; vigilance to avoid symbols considered 'sacred' from being made the object of public derision."

Cardinal Tauran then indicated areas where Muslims and Christians can collaborate in promoting the common good. He mentioned as an example the defense of the sacredness of human life before the United Nations.

To conclude his address, the prelate said: "If I may say so, believers are prophets of hope. They do not believe in fate. They know that -- gifted by God with a heart and intelligence -- they can, with his help, change the course of history in order to orientate their life according to the project of the Creator: that is to say, make of humanity an authentic family of which each one of us is a member."

--- --- ---

On the Net:

Full text of Cardinal Tauran's speech: http://www.zenit.org/article-22717?l=english


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NEWS BRIEFS

Boston's Cardinal Evangelizing via E-mail

BRIGHTON, Massachusetts, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- News from the Archdiocese of Boston and Cardinal Sean O'Malley can now be obtained just by opening your e-mail inbox.

The 63-year-old cardinal announced Saturday that the archdiocese is reaching out to the faithful through e-mail.

The "Weekly E-mail From Cardinal Sean & the Pilot" will include messages from the cardinal, notes from his blog, press releases from the archdiocese, and links to current stories from the archdiocesan paper.

"This weekly e-mail initiative will increase communication and connection among Catholics across the archdiocese," Cardinal O'Malley said. "As we celebrate our bicentennial year, we have been reminded how Catholics have innovated to ensure that the saving message of Jesus Christ reaches as many people as possible.

"We want to continue that spirit of innovation and evangelization by utilizing the many new communication tools made possible by the recent advances in technology. I encourage every Catholic of the archdiocese with an e-mail account to sign up."

Those wishing to receive the mail can do so at the archdiocese's bicentennial Web site, www.Boston200.org.


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Cardinal Dias Notes Hope for Church in China

ROME, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The situation of the Church in China is marked by signs of hope, according to the prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Cardinal Ivan Dias noted these signs when he celebrated Mass on Saturday at the Basilica of St. Mary Major to mark the World Day of Prayer for the Church in China.

"In the past, there has been suffering for our brothers and sisters in China," the cardinal said, according to L'Osservatore Romano. But now the moment has arrived to "forgive, look to the future and pray for a Church again existing in fraternity and peace. Today there are signs of hope for the future of the Church in China."

The Mass, celebrated in Italian and Chinese, was attended by some 500 people. A dozen Chinese priests concelebrated.

Cardinal Dias assured that in Paradise, "there will not be official and clandestine Catholics, because all of us will be children of God. The Pope desires that this unity is also seen on earth."

After Mass, the faithful prayed the prayer Benedict XVI wrote for May 24, the day on which the Chinese celebrate the feast of Our Lady, Help of Christians. A shrine to this image of the Virgin is in Sheshan, close to Shanghai.


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DOCUMENTS at ZENIT Web Page

Cardinal Tauran on Interreligious Dialouge

LONDON, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The address Cardinal Jean-Louis Tauran, president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, gave Tuesday at the University of London's Heythrop College can be found on ZENIT's Web page: http://www.zenit.org/article-22717?l=english.

The speech is titled "Interreligious Dialogue -- a Risk or an Opportunity?"


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DOCUMENTS

On Gregory the Great

"He Was a Man Immersed in God"

VATICAN CITY, MAY 28, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here is the address Benedict XVI delivered during today's general audience, which he dedicated to the figure of Pope Gregory the Great.

* * *

Dear Brothers and Sisters!

Last Wednesday I spoke about a Father of the Church little known in the West -- Romanus the Melodius. Today I wish to present the figure of one of the greatest fathers in the history of the Church, one of the four doctors of the West, Pope Gregory, who was bishop of Rome between the years 590 and 604, and who merited on the part of tradition the title "magnus" -- great.

Gregory was truly a great Pope and great doctor of the Church! He was born in Rome, around 540, of a rich patrician family of the "gens Anicia," which was distinguished not only for its nobility of blood, but also for its attachment to the Christian faith and for the services rendered to the Apostolic See. Two Popes proceeded from this family: Felix III (483-492), great-great grandfather of Gregory, and Agapitus (535-536).

The house where Gregory grew up was built on the "Clivus Scauri," surrounded by the majestic building that attested to the greatness of ancient Rome and the spiritual strength of Christianity. To inspire him with lofty Christian sentiments he counted, moreover, with the examples of his parents, Gordian and Sylvia, both venerated as saints, and those of his paternal aunts Emiliana and Tarsilia, who lived in the house as consecrated virgins in a shared journey of prayer and ascesis.

Gregory soon entered an administrative career, which his father had also followed, and in 572 he reached the top, becoming prefect of the city. This office, complicated by the sadness of that time, allowed him to apply himself to a vast range of administrative problems, gleaning from them light for his future endeavors. In particular, a profound sense of order and discipline were instilled in him. When he became Pope, he would suggest to bishops to take as model in the management of ecclesiastical affairs the diligence and respect of the laws proper to civil employees.

That life did not satisfy him, and it was not long before he decided to leave all civil posts to retire to his home and begin the life of a monk, transforming the family home into the monastery of St. Andrew in Celio.

From this period of monastic life, a life of permanent dialogue with the Lord and listening to his word, there remained in him a constant nostalgia which repeatedly and increasingly appears in his homilies. In the midst of relentless pastoral concerns, he would recall it several times in his writings as a happy time of recollection in God, of dedication to prayer, and of serene immersion in study. He was thus able to acquire that profound knowledge of sacred Scripture and of the Fathers of the Church of which he was to make use later in his works.

However, Gregory's cloistered retirement did not last long. The valuable experience that matured in civil administration, at a time weighed down by problems, the relationships he had developed with the Byzantines, the universal esteem he had won, led Pope Pelagius to appoint him deacon and to send him to Constantinople as his "apocrisiario" -- today we would say apostolic nuncio -- to help overcome the last remains of the monophysite controversy, and above all to obtain the emperor's support in the effort to contain the Lombard invaders.

His stay in Constantinople, where he again took up the monastic life with a group of monks, was most important for Gregory, as it allowed him to gain direct experience in the Byzantine world, as well as to address the problem of the Lombards, which would later acutely test his ability and energy in the years of his pontificate.

After some years, he was recalled to Rome by the Pope, who appointed him his secretary. They were difficult years: constant rains, rivers bursting their banks and famine afflicted many areas of Italy and Rome itself. In the end, the plague was unleashed, which caused numerous victims, among them also Pope Pelagius II. The clergy, the people, and the Senate were unanimous in electing Gregory as Successor to the See of Peter. He tried to resist, even seeking to flee, but it was all to no avail: In the end, he had to give in. It was the year 590.

Recognizing in all that had happened the will of God, the new Pontiff began to work immediately with determination. From the beginning he revealed a singularly lucid vision of reality against which he should be measured, an extraordinary capacity for work in addressing both ecclesial as well as civil issues, a constant balance in his decisions, including the difficult ones that his mission imposed on him. An ample documentation is kept of his governance thanks to the Register of his letters -- approximately 800 -- which reflect the daily confrontation of complex questions that arrived on his desk. They were questions that came from bishops, from abbots, from clergymen, and also from civil authorities of all orders and degrees.

Among the problems that afflicted Italy and Rome at that time there was one of particular relevance in both the civil as well as ecclesial ambits: the Lombard question. To it the Pope dedicated all possible energy in the hope of a truly peaceful solution. Unlike the Byzantine emperor, who began from the assumption that the Lombards were only rude and predatory individuals who had to be defeated or exterminated, St. Gregory looked on these people with the eyes of the Good Shepherd, concerned about proclaiming to them the word of salvation, establishing with them relations of fraternity oriented toward a future peace founded on reciprocal respect and peaceful coexistence among Italians, imperalists and Lombards. He was concerned with the conversion of young peoples and immigrants in Britain and the Lombards were the privileged beneficiaries of his evangelizing mission. Yesterday we celebrated the liturgical memorial of St. Augustine of Canterbury, leader of a group of monks whom Gregory sent to Britain to evangelize England.

To obtain an effective peace in Rome and Italy, to which the Pope was fully committed -- he was a real peacemaker -- he undertook a close negotiation with the Lombard King Agilulfo. This conversation led to a period of truce that lasted some three years -- 598-601 -- after which it was possible to stipulate in 603 a more stable armistice. This positive result was achieved thanks also to parallel contacts that, in the meantime, the Pope maintained with Queen Theodolinda, who was a Bavarian princess and, unlike the heads of other German peoples, was a Catholic -- profoundly Catholic.

Preserved is a series of letters of Pope Gregory to this queen, in which he expresses his esteem and friendship to her. Theodolinda succeeded, little by little, in directing the king toward Catholicism, thus preparing the way to peace. The Pope also took the trouble to send her the relics for the basilica of St. John the Baptist, which she had built in Monza, and did not fail to send her congratulations and precious gifts for the same cathedral of Monza on the occasion of the birth and baptism of her son, Adaloaldo. This queen's vicissitude constitutes a beautiful testimony of the importance of women in the history of the Church.

In the end, the objectives on which Gregory constantly focused were three: to contain the expansion of the Lombards in Italy, to remove queen Theodolina from the influence of schismatics, and to reinforce the Catholic faith, as well as to mediate between the Lombards and Byzantines in the hope of an agreement that would guarantee peace in the peninsula and consist at the same time of an evangelizing action among the Lombards themselves. Therefore, his constant orientation in the complex situation was twofold: to promote agreements on the diplomatic-political level, and to spread the proclamation of the true faith among the peoples.

Along with his purely spiritual and pastoral action, Pope Gregory was also an active protagonist of a multi-faceted social activity. With the income of the conspicuous patrimony that the Roman See had in Italy, especially in Sicily, he purchased and distributed wheat, assisted those in need, helped priests, monks and nuns who lived in indigence, paid the ransom for citizens who had been made prisoners of the Lombards, and obtained armistices and truces. Moreover, he carried out -- both in Rome as well as in other parts of Italy -- a determined effort for administrative reorganization, giving precise instructions so that the goods of the Church, useful for its subsistence and evangelizing work in the world, could be managed with absolute rectitude and according to the rules of justice and mercy. He demanded that tenant farmers be protected from the abuses of the managers of lands that were the property of the Church and, in case of fraud, that they be speedily indemnified, so that the face of the Bride of Christ not be contaminated with dishonest profits.

Gregory carried out this enormous activity despite his delicate health, which often obliged him to stay in bed for long days. The fasts he engaged in during the years of monastic life had caused him serious digestive problems. Moreover, his voice was very weak, so much so that he often had to entrust the deacon with the reading of his homilies so that the faithful of the Roman basilicas could hear him. In any case he did everything possible to celebrate the "Missarum sollemnia" on feast days, that is, solemn Mass, and then he would meet personally with the people of God, who greatly appreciated him because they saw in him the authoritative reference to obtain certainty: It was no accident that he was soon attributed the title "consul Dei." Despite the most difficult conditions in which he had to act, he succeeded in winning, thanks to the holiness of his life and his rich humanity, the trust of the faithful, obtaining for his time and for the future truly great results.

He was a man immersed in God: The desire for God was always alive in the depth of his soul and precisely because of this he was always very close to his neighbor, to the needs of the people of his time. During a disastrous and desperate time, he was able to create peace and hope. This man of God shows us the true fonts of peace, from which true hope comes, and so becomes a guide also for us today.

[Translation by ZENIT]

[At the end of the Audience, the Pope greeted pilgrims in several languages. In English, he said:]

Dear Brothers and Sisters,

In today's catechesis we turn to Pope Saint Gregory the Great, who governed the Church of Rome at the end of the sixth century and is venerated as a Doctor of the Church. Born of a noble Roman family, Gregory entered the civil service, in which he rose to the dignity of Prefect of the City, and then embraced the monastic life. Gregory's learning and experience, and his outstanding personal gifts, led to his appointment as the papal representative to the imperial court in Constantinople, and then as the Pope's secretary. In the year 590, Gregory was elected Pope. His papal ministry was marked by tireless energy and a clear vision of the grave problems facing civil society and the Church. Gregory made every effort to contain the Lombard invasion, to provide for the evangelization of that people, and to establish peace throughout Italy. In addition to his preaching, teaching and pastoral activity, he also reorganized the management of the Church's goods and ensured a more effective administration of her charitable works. At a time of great social instability, and despite his frequent ill health, Gregory proved an effective, prudent and saintly pastor, whose life and teaching continue to inspire us today.

I offer a warm greeting and prayerful good wishes to the participants in the Christian-Hindu symposium being held these days in Castel Gandolfo. Upon all the English-speaking pilgrims, especially those from England, Scotland, Sweden, Australia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Canada and the United States, I cordially invoke God's blessings of joy and peace.

© Copyright 2008 -- Libreria Editrice Vaticana


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URGENT - Action needed by June 18!

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Tuesday, May 27, 2008

ZE080527

ZENIT

The World Seen From Rome

Daily dispatch - May 27, 2008


Donation Campaign 2008 -- Looking for the 7,600 ...

If we divide our annual fund-raising goal of $380,000 by the 130,000 ZENIT's English-edition private readers, the amount for each one a year is about $3 -- about the price of three or four daily newspapers !

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VATICAN DOSSIER
Vatican Notes Concern for South Africa
About 17% of World Is Catholic
Roman Mausoleum Under St. Peter's Restored

WORLD FEATURES
Europe Missing a Mission, Says Prelate
Ukraine's Blessed Wiecka a "Hymn to Life"
Hong Kong Marks Prayer Day for Church in China

NEWS BRIEFS
Priests Among Targets in Zimbabwe
Bishop Calls Lebanon to Unite Behind Leader

FORUM
Archbishop Martin's Homily on Lourdes Pilgrimage

LITURGY
Electric Sanctuary Candles



VATICAN DOSSIER

Vatican Notes Concern for South Africa

Expresses Hope for End to Anti-Immigrant Violence

VATICAN CITY, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The Pontifical Council for Migrants and Travelers is expressing its solidarity with victims of xenophobic violence in South Africa.

A telegram of solidarity and support was sent Monday to Archbishop Buti Joseph Tlhagale of Johannesburg, signed by Cardinal Renato Martino and Archbishop Agostino Marchetto, respectively president and secretary of the dicastery.

The violence against immigrants began May 11 in Alexandra, a poor suburb near the commercial areas of Johannesburg; it soon spread to the surrounding areas.

Over the past two weeks, at least 50 immigrants from countries such as Zimbabwe, Zambia and Mozambique have been killed. The aggressors -- gangs of poor South Africans, armed with machetes and firearms -- accuse the immigrants of stealing jobs and raising the level of crime.

Perhaps as many as 100,000 immigrants have fled their homes and are living in temporary camps to escape the violence.

In the telegram, the pontifical council expressed the hope that "with the fraternal intervention of the Church and of all people of good will, a final solution will be found for this and other similar situations, and that the people of the region will once again be able to live in peace, solidarity and with prospects of integral development."

The Fides news agency reported that the archbishop of Johannesburg expressed his "profound shame and concern" about the events, warning that "an 'apartheid' mentality is killing the country."


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About 17% of World Is Catholic

New Church Yearbook Gives '00-'06 Statistics

VATICAN CITY, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Catholics still make up almost a fifth of the world's population, a ratio that has stayed steady with the start of the new millennium.

This is one of the many statistics found in the Vatican Publishing House's new edition of the Statistical Yearbook of the Church, comprising information on the main aspects of Catholic Church in various countries for the period 2000-2006.

Over these seven years, Catholic presence in the world has remained stable at around 17.3% of the total population.

In Europe, despite the fact that 25% of all Catholics live there, the growth in the number of faithful was less than 1%. In the Americas and in Oceania, numbers grew, respectively, by 8.4% and 7.6%. In Asia the number remained more or less stable with respect to population growth, whereas in Africa the number of Catholics increased from 130 million in 2000 to 158.3 million in 2006.

The number of bishops in the world went up from 4,541 in 2000 to 4,898 in 2006.

The number of priests also increased slightly over this seven-year period, passing from 405,178 in 2000 to 407,262 in 2006, an overall rise of around 0.51%. In Africa and Asia their numbers increased by 23.24% and 17.71%, respectively. In the Americas the number remained stable, while it fell by 5.75% in Europe and 4.37% in Oceania.

The number of diocesan priests increased by 2%, going from 265,781 in 2000 to 271,091 in 2006. By contrast, the number of religious priests showed a constant decline, down by 2.31% to 136,000 in 2006.

Only in Europe was there a clear reduction in priests: In 2000 they represented 51% of the world total, in 2006 just 48%. On the other hand, Asia and Africa together represented 17.5% of the world total in 2000 and 21% in 2006. The Americas remained steady at around 30%, and Oceania a little more than 1%.

Female religious are almost double the number of priests, and 14 times that of non-ordained male religious, but their numbers are falling, from 800,000 in 2000 to 750,000 in 2006. As for their geographical distribution, 42% reside in Europe, 28.03% in America and 20% in Asia. The number of female religious has increased in Africa (up by 15.45%) and Asia (up by 12.78%).


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Roman Mausoleum Under St. Peter's Restored

VATICAN CITY, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- One of the most important monuments of the Roman necropolis located under the Vatican Basilica is restored and ready for viewing.

During a press conference today, Cardinal Angelo Comastri, archpriest of the Basilica of St. Peter's, presented the results of the recently-completed restoration of the Valerii Mausoleum.

The crypt, which dates from the second century and is famous for its stucco decorations, is located in the middle of the route through the old necropolis that leads to the tomb of St. Peter. The stuccowork was in need of restoration because it had been damaged by the instability of the microclimate in the necropolis and by earlier restoration using inappropriate materials.

The 10-month operation was carried out using scalpels, mini drills and, for the most delicate areas, laser equipment. Furthermore, by studying stucco fragments conserved in the storerooms of the Fabric of St. Peter's, it was also possible to recompose three hermae, square pillars of stone topped by a bust or head.

Finally, the monument was enclosed within a glass cover, so it may be viewed without affecting the delicate balance of the internal microclimate, which is constantly monitored by a high-precision computerized system. New illumination, using fiber optic cables, makes it possible to admire the colored surfaces, frescoed to imitate polychrome marble, and the white stucco decorations, modeled to replicate marble statues.


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WORLD FEATURES

Europe Missing a Mission, Says Prelate

Says Vision of World Too Eurocentric

By Miriam Diez i Bosch

ROVERETO, Italy, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The archbishop of Trent said official European documents do not have a mission for Europe, and affirmed that their vision of the world is too "Eurocentric."

Archbishop Luigi Bressan expressed this view in the framework of the European Interreligious Meeting, which took place in Rovereto last Thursday through Sunday.

"In European documents, we often read that the people of our continent have a common heritage of values," and "we are aware that the strength of a society stems from the cohesion of its members around the same project, followed in the name of those values," he told ZENIT.

Despite this, he continued, "the official texts are disappointing, because they do not have in mind a mission for Europe. They only foresee new structures in a Eurocentric vision of the world, without being prepared to revise the rules of international economic exchanges if these do not imply profit for the so-called first world."

"We are aware that all of us are co-responsible for peace and affirm the principle that all people must be free to enjoy happiness in a manner in keeping with their nature, as creatures gifted with reason and free will," the prelate explained.

Archbishop Bressan lamented that in Europe there is a "lack of interest in solidarity and the promotion of the rights of others."

The challenge, the archbishop continued, "is to build a dynamic society where the members might share an awareness of their unity despite their philosophical, political and religious convictions."

Not only is this possible but it is "necessary and feasible," he stressed, saying "pluralism is not against cohesion, even when the diversity of cultural and religious movements can give the impression that there is no common point among them."

Speaking in Trent, birthplace of Alcide de Gasperi, one of the European Union's founding fathers, as well as of Chiara Lubich, founder of the Focolare Movement and promoter of unity, Archbishop Bressan said that it is important to join forces to "ensure a soul for our Europe."

A family

Orthodox theologian Katerina Karkala-Zorba of the Central Committee of the Conference of European Churches also spoke at the interreligious meeting. She called Europe "a family of democratic nations" that "work together for peace and prosperity."

However, this Europe "is not homogeneous," and in it, "diversity is a value," she noted. "Europe has many traditions and languages. It is this diversity that makes Europe unique. Therefore, it is necessary to underline that we must not fall into a 'ghettoization' of our diversities, but find a common ground for exchange."

Karkala-Zorba said she believes it is important that diversity be understood not just as an "invitation," but also as a "challenge."

"It is this flame of unity that we also discover in interreligious meetings," she explained later to ZENIT. "We can be different in our expression of faith, language, traditions [...] but we have values that we can share."


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Ukraine's Blessed Wiecka a "Hymn to Life"

Cardinal Bertone Urges Defense of Person in Every Stage

LVIV, Ukraine, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The testimony of newly beatified Martha Mary Wiecka is a hymn to life and a model of the importance of living for others, affirmed Benedict XVI's secretary of state.

Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone said this Saturday when he presided over her beatification ceremony in Lviv, Ukraine.

The Polish religious, of the Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, died of typhus after deciding to replace a medical assistant who was to disinfect a patient's room in the hospital of Sniatyn. The nun's heroic deed "has never been forgotten," Cardinal Bertone said, as reported by L'Osservatore Romano.

Love always conquers and the mission of Christians is "to bear witness to the victory of love at every occasion of life," he added.

The love of the Lord, to which Sister Martha Mary Wiecka (1874-1904) bore witness, "overcomes human weakness and converts the heart of man to the love of life, of his neighbor, including his enemies," explained the cardinal.

The prelate stressed that the religious offers an exemplary model of the importance of "living to serve one another."

"God is love, and we love him -- he who is invisible to our eyes -- if we love our neighbor whom we see, to the point of shedding blood, if it is necessary," he affirmed.

During Soviet times

Cardinal Bertone said that the beatification of Sister Wiecka was the fulfillment of the "desire of the Ukrainian people to raise to the glory of the altar a daughter of theirs."

He recalled that during the Soviet era, the nun's tomb was a "symbol of popular unity and example of genuine ecumenical dialogue."

Addressing the religious of Sister Martha Mary's congregation and Ukrainian health agents, Cardinal Bertone reminded them that "man is body and spirit."

"In curing the body of the one who suffers, do not forget that, for a true and profound cure of the whole man, it is indispensable to also keep in mind the spiritual needs of the human creature," he stressed.

"How important then, is the encounter with God for those who are sick and suffering," the Vatican official emphasized. "How important it is to always defend and promote the culture of life and of love, which will be an effective contrast to the culture of death, with its sad and worrying manifestations."

Sister Martha Mary Wiecka, left as a legacy a "hymn to life," he said, exhorting us to "love human life and to defend it in all its phases, from conception until its natural end."


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Hong Kong Marks Prayer Day for Church in China

Cardinal Zen Laments Authorities Being "Too Edgy"

HONG KONG, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Cardinal Joseph Zen led Hong Kong Catholics in celebrating the first World Day of Prayer for the Church in China, lamenting that the faithful were not allowed to make pilgrimages for the event.

Cardinal Zen celebrated Mass for about 1,400 people in Hong Kong, who also prayed the rosary and joined in a Eucharistic procession to mark the feast day of Our Lady Help of Christians.

The feast, May 24, is the date Benedict XVI declared as the World Day of Prayer for the Church in China in his 2007 letter to Chinese Catholics.

At the Mass, Cardinal Zen lamented that authorities had not sufficiently respected the Pope's naming of May 24 as a world day of prayer.

Catholics in mainland China had been advised not to conduct pilgrimages outside their provinces and municipalities. That meant, for example, that those from outside the Shanghai province were not able to visit the Our Lady Help of Christians shrine at Sheshan, about 22 miles from Shanghai.

Cardinal Zen affirmed, though, that “religious freedom does good to the country."

The Pope nevertheless granted a plenary indulgence for Catholics in Hong Kong, after that diocese's pilgrimage to Sheshan was canceled. Local authorities in Shanghai said it was "inconvenient" to host the Hong Kong Diocese.

The vicar general of the Hong Kong Diocese urged the faithful there to offer the indulgence for the souls of the earthquake victims in central China, still suffering the aftershocks of the powerful earthquake that killed thousands.

Meanwhile in Shanghai, some 2,400 gathered to mark the feast day. The faithful at the shrine also prayed for the victims of the quake.

Thank you

On Monday, Cardinal Zen told Vatican Radio, "We are very grateful because it is evident that the Holy Father wanted the whole Church to pray for China."

The prelate said the world day is "an unprecedented initiative: The Pope who moves the whole Church to pray for the Chinese faithful. We know with certainty that the Virgin and the Holy Spirit listen to this desire of the Pope. This abundance of prayer will certainly give its fruits."

The cardinal added: "The Holy Father, with much sincerity, has reminded everyone of the nature of the Church as the Lord established it. The Church is apostolic, and should be guided by the bishops, having as their head the successor of St. Peter.

"Unfortunately, in China today it is still not possible to fulfill this ideal of the Church, but we have had signs of growing closer. We hope that they are signs that lead to more important things, [so] that also in China, it will be possible to live this faith in peace, in joy, as the Holy Father says. In this way, it will be lived fruitfully; our faith will give fruit, also for the good of society."

Cardinal Ivan Dias, prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, celebrated a Mass at the Basilica of St. Mary Major to mark the day of prayer.

Lead up

Prior to the world prayer day, in an article for AsiaNews, Cardinal Zen said, "We entrust the destiny of China and its Church in the hands of Our Lady on this day for she likes us and is very powerful. Since the situation in China is not as optimistic as some might believe, Our Lady is our only hope to tear down walls and touch hearts."

The cardinal said he is "under the impression that the authorities are too edgy about the day of prayer."

He explained: "Not only are [the authorities] creating problems for pilgrimages but they are also ordering many priests not to conduct any pastoral work during the month of May, as if this month might turn into a revolution.

"A priest from the underground Church said that since the beginning of May, he has been under the surveillance of two policemen day and night. They follow him when he goes to the doctor or the dentist.

"I can't imagine what they [the authorities] think Catholics do in May. […] Ours is a spiritual revolution that harms no one and is good for all."

Cardinal Zen noted that "this fear is something negative and runs askance of acts of friendship and closeness that have taken place in recent months, such as concerts by the Beijing Philharmonic Orchestra and the Shanghai Choir in the Vatican."

"It seems to me that these two approaches come from different levels," he said. "Positive signs come from the top leadership; negative ones come from lower down the hierarchy. The latter fear that normalizing relations between China and the Vatican might cut into their existing advantages and so they do all they can to stand in the way. The Lord and Our Lady shall, however, win."


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NEWS BRIEFS

Priests Among Targets in Zimbabwe

Aid Group Reports Continued Intimidation Before Runoff

HARARE, Zimbabwe, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Many Zimbabwean priests are in hiding out of fear for their lives, Aid to the Church in Need reported.

The statement Monday from the charity organization coincided with ongoing reports of an intimidation campaign leading up to the June 27 runoff election between President Robert Mugabe, 84, and opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai.

Tsvangirai won the March elections, but supposedly not by a wide enough margin to have clinched the victory. Results from that election were withheld for weeks; meanwhile human rights groups began to report torture and even the killing of those who had voted against Mugabe.

A priest, who remained anonymous for safety reasons, informed Aid to the Church in Need that people who voted against Mugabe's party have been kidnapped, tortured, maimed and raped by soldiers -- particularly in rural areas.

"Many Catholic priests and lay people are on the wanted lists of these soldiers and militia groups," he said, "and many of them are forced to remain in hiding following death threats."

Reprisals come after the Catholic Church joined with other denominations earlier this month to speak out about the country's deteriorating human rights situation, including the organized violence in areas that did not vote for Mugabe.

Making a bad situation worse, local hospitals are unable to care for the wounded due to lack of even basic painkillers, Aid to the Church in Need lamented.

The priest who spoke with the aid group said he fears the situation will only deteriorate as the runoff nears.

Food is being withheld from those who did not vote for Mugape, he said, and despite their best efforts, Catholic dioceses are unable obtain any food for the hungry.

In any case, with an inflation rate at 160,000%, food has been scarce for months.

A report on post-election violence by the Christian human rights organization the Solidarity Peace Trust, published in Johannesburg on May 21, contained up to 50 eye-witness accounts of orchestrated beatings, torture and the destruction of homes and shops.


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Bishop Calls Lebanon to Unite Behind Leader

Highlights Church's Role in Reconciliation

JBEIL, Lebanon, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- A Maronite bishop of Lebanon said the nation's new president has been almost unanimously welcomed because of his record of prudence and mediation.

Bishop Bechara Rai of Jbeil told Vatican Radio that there are two main reasons for the Lebanese people's satisfaction with Sunday's election of Michel Suleiman, 51, a Maronite Catholic.

In the first place, the country "could not go forward without a head of state, as everything was paralyzed," the bishop said. And "the president enjoys great esteem in Lebanon and abroad," he added.

Suleiman was elected to fill a power vacuum left when Emile Lahoud stepped down in November. Parliament had failed 19 times to elect a replacement, due to bitter clashes between the government and the opposition.

An agreement was reached last week, with the help of the Arab Leage, which gave veto power to Lebanon's opposition Shiite Hezbollah movement.

That agreement also paved the way for Suleiman's election.

"He has had international, regional and internal consensus precisely because of his neutral position, not only recently, but since he was head of the Lebanese army, nine years ago," Bishop Rai said. "He has always maintained a position of mediation with everyone, and has never aligned himself with one side."

Still, the bishop acknowledged that the road ahead for the president is anything but smooth.

He noted "the problem of the majority and of the opposition, namely, the conflict between Sunnis and Shiites -- although that is a conflict in the whole of the Middle East, which has repercussions in Lebanon; the issue of Hezbollah's arms, […] the formation of the government, […] the financial debt," and the vast numbers of youth who emigrate out of Lebanon.

"Of course, he must not be the only one to carry this cross, but all the Lebanese," exhorted the Maronite bishop. "Likewise the Church has a great role to play in continuing the effort of reconciliation in Lebanon. […] We must work a lot to complete this political reconciliation and go forward with a new country that is able to take up its role again."


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FORUM

Archbishop Martin's Homily on Lourdes Pilgrimage

"A Place Where Accepted Values Are Overturned"

LOURDES, France, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here are the notes from a homily given by Archbishop Diarmuid Martin of Dublin on Saturday. He led the '08 international military pilgrimage to Lourdes.


* * *

We are gathered in a privileged place at a privileged moment. We gather at an evidently holy place. We gather on the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the apparitions of Our Lady to the young Bernadette.

Why are we here? Why should over 25,000 people from military and civil defence corps from all over the world gather here, together with the thousands of other pilgrims from all over the world, so different and yet so similar to ourselves, who come to this shrine?

What is it about this Shrine? How can it bring so many together? How can it impress so many: strong believers, the just plain curious, and even perhaps the cynical; how can it gather the sick and the healthy, the important and those without any pretence of importance. Yet coming here to Lourdes all go away with a unique experience.

Why should each year thousands of young men and women come to Lourdes using their holidays to serve as volunteers to assist the sick, when they could just as well go to the fashionable beach resorts of France and Spain just a few kilometres from here? What is it that is so special about Lourdes?

It is something that is hard to explain. Just as the story of Lourdes has been hard to explain over the period since Bernadette first came to this isolated spot and encountered the Blessed Virgin. The fact that Mary should have appeared here to a poor, barely literate girl is in itself something remarkable. The fact that that encounter should result in something which has had an impact for generations, something that has affected the lives of so many and has brought healing and serenity to the gravely sick and the most distressed is something which begs and explanation..

Lourdes is one of the most visited Shrines in the world, of any faith. Yet the first reaction to Bernadette was of opposition and hostility. Lourdes has flourished over decades in the face of a culture of various generations of hostility and miscomprehension.

The apparitions at Lourdes occurred at a high point in a culture of rationalism, where everything had to have its rational explanation or else it was unreal or unauthentic. Over the years, Lourdes has quietly flourished in the face of other hostile cultures, whether of atheistic Marxism or agnostic materialism. Lourdes still retains its unique character and appeal.

When we look closely, we can see that Lourdes is a place where accepted values are overturned. Lourdes is a place where sickness is looked on with respect. The sick and the handicapped are treated in Lourdes as our most treasured pilgrims. No one in Lourdes is judged on outward appearances. A holy shrine welcomes humble sinners. In a world full of self confidence, those who are troubled, who are anxious are accepted and recognised really as pilgrims, all of us on the same path towards an acceptance of that "joyful hope" to which we are all called.

Lourdes is a shrine of Mary, but Mary is the first to point our hearts and minds towards her son Jesus. Mary in her short conversations with Bernadette indicates to us the path towards her son: the path of repentance and penance, the path of prayer and of the Eucharist.

Lourdes is a place of prayer. Come here to the Grotto at any time of day or night and alongside the large pilgrimages, you will find in quiet corners anonymous pilgrims deep in prayer. Who knows how many persons, young and old, have silently come to this sanctuary to place themselves in prayer before Jesus, a prayer of humility admitting one's weakness or sinfulness, a prayer of petition seeking something important for our own lives or for the lives of those dear to us, a prayer to be cured, healed and made fully oneself, a rare moment of genuine prayer of worship an adoration, a recognition of the lordship and transcendence of God.

Lourdes rejects dominant cultures and turns them head over heels. It is not the strength of our own forces which triumphs here, but the power of God. Prayer is a unique way of refinding a balance in our values in today's world. In a world dominated by market values, by power, and by personal attainment, prayer means placing oneself humbly in the presence of a reality that is greater than us and recognising that our lives are in the hand of someone greater than us, and that that someone cares for us and supports us. God is love.

Prayer is that moment in which we rediscover the values of life are not the obvious one of the media or society, but in knowing that there is something more vital and deeper in life. Prayer is not pious conformity, but real revolution in the face of the accepted wisdom that on our own we can do everything. The young person who learns to pray becomes independent of the pressures of our culture. The sick person who learns to pray becomes one who refinds meaning in his or her life and finds that there is a hope that goes beyond outward physical condition.

Prayer is a witness to the total otherness of God. Prayer is the moment in which our faith is expressed in its deepest and most concrete form. It is the moment in which we recognise that the God who is other is a real dimension of our reality, of the reality of my life. Prayer is the moment in which we attempt to make our lives into a concrete response of love to the superabundant love which God shows for us.

Mary is a model for all humanity, also because in being free from original sin, she in a very special way mirrors that original image of God which was the distinctive mark of humankind, before the damaging and disfiguring sin of Adam. Through her obedience to the Word of God, Mary constitutes the beginnings of the restoration of the original harmony which God had desired for his creation, that redemption through Jesus which will free humanity and creation from the effects of original sin.

Mary, in her entire life, mirrored that fidelity of God and remained faithful and attentive to his word in every moment of her life. We see that from the very first mention of her in the Gospel at the Annunciation up to the last mention in the Acts of the Apostles, where we find her gathered with the small community of the early Church, in prayer and in expectation of the Spirit, imploring the gift of the Spirit for the Church. Mary is always presented as being the one who listens to the word of God and puts it into practice, even in the most difficult moments, because she knew that God would always be faithful to his Word.

Here in Lourdes in these days men and women who have responsibility for the defence and protection of peoples come also to see more clearly their mission as service. Mary, in herMagnificat, is the one who teaches us the folly of human arrogance and indicates the power of humility. In that way she offers a pattern of life which can inspire the particular service of those whose mission is fundamentally a mission of peace. The force of arms can prevent conflict and may be needed to prevent conflict. But the arms of peace are fundamentally an overturning of any form of arrogance through an ability to listen, to understand, to mediate, to reconcile.

We remember at this patently holy place all our friends who have paid the highest price, that of their lives in the cause of peace and understanding. We thank them for their sacrifice. We remember their dear ones who remain, saddened and in grief but also proud of what their family member had achieved.

We pray for peace at this Grotto which is a remarkable oasis of peace and we commit ourselves to being more and more, in our hearts, in our families in our professions as true peacemakers, which is the mark of the children of God.


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LITURGY

Electric Sanctuary Candles

And More on Papal Ceremonies

ROME, MAY 27, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Answered by Legionary of Christ Father Edward McNamara, professor of liturgy at the Regina Apostolorum university.

Q: I was told by our pastor that "Vatican II requires a 'light' before the Blessed Sacrament, but this does not have to be a candle," so he replaced the sanctuary candle with an electric "fake candle" because there was "wax all over the carpet." This is driving some of my fellow choir members nuts. Yet, we still have real, seven-day vigil candles going in the stands. Were this a safety issue, this makes no sense. All churches have always had problems with wax -- nothing new. I cannot see a fake candle giving a believable witness to the Real Presence when this is not a safety issue as in a hospital with oxygen that could cause an explosion. -- K.S., Oklahoma

A: Actually the norms refer not so much to candles as to lamps that should burn before the tabernacle. The General Instruction of the Roman Missal (GIRM), No. 316, states:

"In accordance with traditional custom, near the tabernacle a special lamp, fueled by oil or wax, should be kept alight to indicate and honor the presence of Christ."

An almost identical norm is given in Canon 940 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, but here only a "special lamp" is spoken of. It would thus appear that the more recent GIRM, in specifically mentioning that it should be fueled by oil or wax, gives clear preference to this form over other recent innovations.

Thus, rather than a candle there should be a lamp, that is, a container made of glass or some other suitable material, which can hold the oil or wax.

This container is customarily a red hued cylinder, although this is not prescribed by law and other shapes and colors have also been used.

Unless the lamp is shattered or filled to excess, it usually presents no particular safety issue. Likewise, since nothing is spilled, the "wax on the floor" argument falls flat.

The oil may be of any kind, although the law has traditionally favored olive oil or some other vegetable oil.

The use of electric lamps is not forbidden but is generally seen as a last resort solution for particular circumstances.

Apart from the hospital situation mentioned by our reader, an electric sanctuary lamp could conceivably be used in very small oratory chapels where the constant lamp smoke would quickly stain the walls and ceiling or, for the same reason, if the lamp had to be placed next to a historic piece of art.

Other probable circumstances that would justify the use of an electric lamp would be isolated places in which obtaining suitable fuel is difficult or very expensive, or if a chapel has to be left unattended for a period longer than the habitual duration of the lamp. This can happen, for example, in communities where a priest celebrates Mass only about once a month and leaves sufficient hosts for an extraordinary minister of holy Communion to administer on the other Sundays.

* * *

Follow-up: Pope's Processional Cross

Along the lines of our May 13 column on the Holy Father's processional cross, several readers have sent queries about some “new” aspects of papal celebrations that they have noted.

For example, a Rochester, Minnesota, reader asks: “It seems to me that the degree of solemnity at papal liturgy has increased. Certainly, there has been no wholesale restoration of old ceremonial, but music, ceremony and setting seem more dignified. I have also noticed a few other things:

"1. The camauro appeared before Christmas, although this Pope does not seem to use the broad Roman hat which matches his red cloak. This made a splash in the news.

"2. The Pope seems to use the state stole more than his predecessor.

"3. At the meeting with the diplomats for the New Year the Pope used the velvet-and-fur mozzetta (I think this was for winter and seems to have disappeared since Paul VI).

"4. Prelates of honor seem to be resuming the mantelletum and all sorts of clergy are using the biretta, rather openly at papal functions. During the last pontificate these were invisible, although I understand permitted. I do not know what to make of all of this. Is a signal being sent? Is there a move to what my mother called "a touch of class"? Indeed, what are the usual rules for customary "choir dress" for diocesan clergy?”

There are several questions involved. But first a distinction must be made between liturgical vesture and the non-liturgical vesture that popes traditionally wear and those that form part of papal protocol due to his role as a head of state.

Among traditional papal garments are the camauro (a red, fur-lined cap), the broad red-and- gold trimmed hat, and the several formal stoles and mozzettas used when receiving civil dignitaries.

Their use often depends on papal taste. For example, Pope Blessed John XXIII revived the use of the camauro which his predecessors had largely abandoned. Pope John Paul II rarely used the more formal vestures, and since he was Pontiff for so long perhaps many came to believe that they had somehow been abolished.

This was not the case, however, and Pope Benedict XVI has simply opted to use some of the more formal attire that remains part of papal protocol.

Thus he has used both the broad-brimmed hat and the camauro on some occasions. Apart from his personal taste, it must also be remembered that the Holy Father began his ministry when he had already turned 78 and probably needs more protection from heat and cold than the athletic John Paul II did when called to be Peter’s Successor at age 58.

Keeping warm was also a motivation for John XXIII’s use of the camauro. He was also elected as an elderly man.

The increase in some aspects of solemnity in papal liturgies is perhaps even more noteworthy. The Holy Father and his personally appointed master of liturgical celebrations have clearly opted to restore some elements that had fallen into disuse, in order to give more splendor to the rites.

This can be seen in the style of albs, surplices and vestments used in the celebrations. In some cases this means using older vestments from the pontifical sacristy such as the magnificent golden miter used in the elevation of new cardinals. This miter, emblazoned with the figure of Our Lady of Guadalupe, had been a gift from Mexican Catholics to Blessed Pope Pius IX.

The violet cope used for this year’s Palm Sunday procession was a new and faithful replica of one that had belonged to the renaissance Medici Pope Leo X. The custom has also been revived of having two cardinal deacons, in miter and dalmatic, accompany the Pope in these processions to hold the cope.

The practice of placing the crucifix at the center of the altar in front of the celebrant is certainly a personal initiative of Benedict XVI.

He had already made this suggestion as Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger in his book “The Spirit of the Liturgy.” For him this practice is a means of creating a “liturgical east” that helps the celebrant to concentrate on the essential meaning of the sacrifice of the Mass even when celebrating facing the people.

Finally, the vesture of cardinals, bishops, canons and other honorary prelates is still determined by the norms emanated by Paul VI in the 1969 instruction of the Secretariat of State “Ut Sive Sollicite,” substantially repeated in the Ceremonial of Bishops, Nos. 1199-1210.

These norms cover most cases although a few classes of honorary prelates continue to jealously guard some age-old privileges allowing them to wear miters, pectoral crosses and the like on special occasions.

* * *

Readers may send questions to liturgy@zenit.org. Please put the word "Liturgy" in the subject field. The text should include your initials, your city and your state, province or country. Father McNamara can only answer a small selection of the great number of questions that arrive.


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Monday, May 26, 2008

ZE080526

ZENIT

The World Seen From Rome

Daily dispatch - May 26, 2008


Donation Campaign 2008 -- Looking for the 7,600 ...

If we divide our annual fund-raising goal of $380,000 by the 130,000 ZENIT's English-edition private readers, the amount for each one a year is about $3 -- about the price of three or four daily newspapers !

We already know that, in fact, it is not possible to receive $3 from each of our 130,000 private readers. But perhaps we can receive $50 from 7,600 of you!

Are you among the 7,600 who can send $50? Your generosity will benefit all Zenit readers.

As many readers have already done, could you cover the $50 for three or four or more missionaries?

Please, think about it!
Send your donation today!
To send your donation, click http://www.zenit.org/english/donation.html

Thank you very much!



VATICAN DOSSIER
Leader Named for Mission Societies
Envoy Named for Anniversary of Belgian Apparitions

WORLD FEATURES
Author Notes Secret to Pope's Efficacy
Cardinal's Slaying Still Haunts Mexico
Making Values Mainstream in Africa
Myanmar Showing Signs of Hope

NEWS BRIEFS
Internet to Track Eucharistic Congress
Bishop Named for Prince-Albert
New Archbishop Named for Algiers

INTERVIEW
New Ways to Proclaim the Good News



VATICAN DOSSIER

Leader Named for Mission Societies

VATICAN CITY, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI named Monsignor Piergiuseppe Vacchelli as the adjunct secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples and president of the Pontifical Mission Societies.

With his new appointment, Monsignor Vacchelli, 71, will receive episcopal ordination and be given the title of archbishop. He had been undersecretary of the Italian episcopal conference and president of the Committee for Charitable Interventions on Behalf of the Third World.

Archbishop-designate Vacchelli replaces Archbishop Henryk Hoser, whom the Holy Father named head of the Diocese of Warsaw-Praga, Poland. He will retain his title of archbishop.

Piergiuseppe Vacchelli was born in Italy in 1937 and ordained a priest in 1961.


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Envoy Named for Anniversary of Belgian Apparitions

VATICAN CITY, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI appointed Cardinal Godfried Danneels, archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels, as his special envoy to celebrations marking the 75th anniversary of the apparitions of the Virgin of the Poor.

The appointment was announced in a March 27 Latin-language letter to the cardinal, made public last Saturday.

The anniversary celebrations are to be held at the shrine of Banneux, Belgium, this Saturday.

Cardinal Danneels will be accompanied on his mission by Fathers Karl Gatzweiler and Joseph Bodeson, members of the cathedral chapter of Liege, Belgium.

From Jan. 15 to March 2, 1933, Our Lady appeared eight times to Mariette Beco, calling herself the Virgin of the Poor.


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WORLD FEATURES

Author Notes Secret to Pope's Efficacy

Says It's More Than Benedict XVI's Keen Mind

By Marta Lago

ROME, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI is an effective communicator, not just because every talk he gives is like an "encyclical in miniature," but because there is a secret to his efficacy, affirmed the author of a biography of the Pope.

That secret, says Giuseppe De Carli, is the beauty "that convinces almost more than rational arguments: love, friendship with God, the joy of being Christian. ... Tell me that this is not a Pope who is happy to be Christian."

De Carli, head of the Vatican bureau of the Italian public broadcaster Radiotelevisione Italiana, and a 20-year veteran in covering the See of Peter, has just released "Benedictus: Servus Servorum Dei" (Benedict: Servant of the Servants of God).

The book was presented last week by a group of Church and civil leaders along with the author.

The volume opens with De Carli's description of the Pope as "a man of timid character on the stage of the world." De Carli said he hopes the book "will be at least be placed among those contributions that help in some way to understanding Benedict XVI's personality."

"I made an entirely journalistic attempt to talk about Joseph Ratzinger," De Carli said. "It is the only edition of a newspaper; indeed, it is a newspaper-book. Today there are newspapers that seem like books; I wrote a book that seems like a newspaper."

Communicative minimalist

De Carli described the present Pontiff as the "father of the Church of our time, a great catechist, a theologian-pastor or a pastor-theologian."

"We have gone from the communicative and charismatic eruption of John Paul II to a kind of effective communicative minimalism with Pope Ratzinger," the author proposed. "It is effective because it is not supported by the physicality of gestures."

Every talk given by Benedict XVI is an "encyclical in miniature," De Carli said. The Pope's intellectual profile "is that of one who knows how to teach," and "his public, in its many-sidedness, would be surprised by an advertiser."

De Carli suggested: "Pope Wojtyla's style was centrifugal -- he obliged the media to abandon all logic and follow him toward everything and everyone. Benedict XVI's style is centripetal -- he obliges the media to turn toward the mystery that the Church represents with its liturgical tradition.

"From that which has been seen so far, it is a pontificate of concentration and deepening. [...] The fulcrum of the Christian faith is charity, love, it is the only thing that can give a prospect of hope and then rationality and the beauty of the faith.

"I believe that he is a pastor who says much to the people of our time, those who believe and also those who don't believe."


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Cardinal's Slaying Still Haunts Mexico

Bishops Hoping for Justice 15 Years Later

By Jaime Septien

MEXICO CITY, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Fifteen years after the assassination of a Mexican cardinal, the case remains unsolved.

On the 15th anniversary of the slaying of Cardinal Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo in the parking lot of Guadalajara's international airport, Mexican bishops lamented that "investigations of the case have not advanced sufficiently to be able to know and clarify the masterminds and perpetrators of the crime."

Cardinal Posadas Ocampo was killed on May 24, 1993, along with six other people, among them the cardinal's chauffeur.

In a statement titled "15 Years Without Knowing the Truth," written in the name of the Mexican bishops, Bishop José González González of Guadalajara, the secretary-general of the Mexican episcopal conference, pointed out that "many pieces of evidence point to the theory of a state crime, namely, a homicide in which some individuals participated -- as accomplices in different degrees -- who at the time held posts in different government entities."

Bishop González added that "the bishops of Mexico manifest that their sole intention is to know the truth so that justice is carried out."

"Resolving the homicide of Cardinal Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo might awaken hope for the victims who are prey to corruption and crime in Mexico, overcoming their skepticism and discouragement because today, few believe that the institutions of public security and criminal justice will resolve the crimes we endure," he concluded. "Truth, justice, forgiveness and reconciliation are indispensable columns to attain the desired social peace that Mexico deserves and needs."


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Making Values Mainstream in Africa

Communications Faculties Aim to Train Media Producers

By Miriam Díez i Bosch

ROME, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- A challenge for faculties of communication at Catholic universities in Africa is to form media producers, not just consumers, said a professor from Uganda.

Sister Dominic Dipio teaches literature and film criticism at Makerere University of Kampala. She has a doctorate from Rome's Pontifical Gregorian University; her thesis was on cinema and the woman in the African context.

Sister Dipio was in Rome for the Pontifical Council for Social Communications conference held last Thursday through Saturday at the Pontifical Urbanian University.

"In the multicultural global context in which we live, we should strive to produce communicators who are producers, rather than simply critical analysts of content and consumers," she told ZENIT.

In this context, Sister Dipio noted that it is easy to find North American and Latin American fiction in Africa, but that there is a lack of similar African products.

That's why "students of communication in Catholic universities are trained to work in the mainstream, not necessarily in secluded religious institutions," she said. "Catholic communications need not only target clearly religious media. It should not only communicate to the converted, but also to the others, so that the horizon of the Good News is expanded."

"The religious must permeate the secular realm and must use the format of the mainstream to package religious messages," Sister Dipio affirmed. "Our values must enter in this public forum to influence the mainstream culture."

The religious sister also encouraged a "curriculum that exposes students to diversities in a comprehensive way," saying this opens up "opportunities for communication across cultures."

"In contexts where ethnic and national identities seem to threaten commonly shared values," she said, "we have the challenge to develop a curriculum that calls forth the best of our human values, which cut across ethnicities and nationalities."


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Myanmar Showing Signs of Hope

Archbishop Cites Solidarity, Interreligious Cooperation

YANGON, Myanmar, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Cyclone-devastated Myanmar is not just the home of utter devastation. It is also the setting for solidarity and hope, affirmed the archbishop of Yangon.

Archbishop Charles Bo acknowledged that three weeks after the May 2-3 cyclone, "the people of Myanmar are still struggling to comes to terms with scale of the disaster."

"For those who survived in the affected Delta and Yangon regions, survival is a day-to-day struggle, with access to clean water, food, shelter and medical attention still limited," he said. "In addition to this, the severe water logging, damage to paddy fields, the loss of tools, seed and animals will have a negative impact on rice production and food security for this vulnerable population."

The relief effort in Myanmar has been severely stinted by the nation's own government, which refused most outside help. After a meeting last weekend between the junta's leaders and U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, there is hope the situation might now improve.

In this context, the 59-year-old archbishop affirmed: "The local response in Myanmar has been hugely important in these initial few weeks; however, resources and capacity have been stretched. Therefore, I welcome the recent announcement that the government will allow all aid workers into the country.

"I hope that this announcement is followed through and that international support can build on the local structures and efforts already under way."

Dignity

The archbishop said the situation is Myanmar is not just about despair.

There "is also hope," he affirmed. "The people of Myanmar have joined together in their solidarity for those affected by the cyclone. People and leaders of all religions have been working together to try to reach affected communities and encourage the government to do all they can to help those in need.

"The stories I have heard from the people who faced and survived the full force of the cyclone and continue to live with dignity and hope, pay tribute to the unwavering nature of the human spirit. The humane acts of courage and kindness of those who have volunteered to assist the people in the delta region, and the international support and solidarity received by the Church in Myanmar shows further evidence of the generosity of humankind."

Still, Archbishop Bo reiterated an earlier plea for continued support.

He explained that "there is still a lot to do to relieve the suffering of our people."

"Contrary to what government reports might be saying, the emergency relief phase is not over," the prelate affirmed. "Basic needs of hundreds and thousands of people still need to be met. [...] An important part of the Church response is also to provide psychological and spiritual support to communities affected by these recent traumatic events.

"Children are particularly vulnerable at this time. Many have lost their parents and need support and protection to help them heal."

Another key of the Church's response has been "our ability to reach communities that other organizations and networks cannot currently reach," Archbishop Bo said. "We are also committed to continue our support and hope to reach a further 40,000 people with relief and also to support communities rebuild their lives and livelihoods over the coming months and years."


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NEWS BRIEFS

Internet to Track Eucharistic Congress

QUEBEC CITY, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Those who are not in Quebec next month for the International Eucharistic Congress can still follow the event via Internet.

Activities from the June 15-22 congress will be posted in English, Spanish and French on the site www.ecdq.tv/en/.

The organizers thus hope to "enable Christians all over the world to participate in this great faith event," a communiqué noted.

Benedict XVI will participate in the closing of the event via satellite connection, delivering a homily at the closing Mass.

--- --- ---

On the Net:

Eucharistic Congress Web site: www.cei2008.ca/en/


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Bishop Named for Prince-Albert

PRINCE-ALBERT, Saskatchewan, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI named Missionary of Africa Father Albert Thévenot as the bishop of Prince-Albert.

Bishop-designate Thévenot, 62, was the provincial superior in Canada of the Missionaries of Africa, also known as the White Fathers.

He succeeds Bishop Blaise-Ernest Morand, 75, who resigned for reasons of age.

The Diocese of Prince-Albert has about 50,000 Catholics, served by 55 priests, 102 religious and one permanent deacon.


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New Archbishop Named for Algiers

ALGIERS, Algeria, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Benedict XVI appointed Father Ghaleb Moussa Abdalla Bader of the clergy of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem as the Metropolitan Archbishop of Algiers.

Archbishop-designate Bader, 56, succeeds Archbishop Henri Teissier, 78, who retired.

The archbishop-designate brings with him ample experience in interreligious dialogue with Islam.

Ghaleb Moussa Abdalla Bader was born in 1951 in Jordan. He was ordained a priest in 1975.

In 1979, he completed a doctorate in civil law at the University of Damascus and in the 1980s he completed two more doctorates in Rome, one in philosophy and one in canon law, at the Pontifical Lateran University. He participated in the Arabic translation of the Code of Canon Law.

From 1996 to 2001 he was an adviser to the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue.

He has been president of the ecclesiastical tribunal of first instance in Amman since 1992.


Algeria is almost entirely Sunni Muslim, which is the state's official religion. Christians and Jews combined are less than 1% of the population.


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INTERVIEW

New Ways to Proclaim the Good News

Interview With Father Thomas Rosica

By Karna Swanson

TORONTO, MAY 26, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The Church has a message to deliver, and the challenge of that task today is to do it in a "mediated" world, says one of the hosts of the 2008 International Catholic Media Convention.

Basilian Father Thomas Rosica, who is also the director of Salt and Light Catholic Media Foundation and Television Network, added that the Church needs to be "there on the scene, using all the means of modern social communications to proclaim the word of God and the message of the Church."

The three-day international Catholic Convention, to be held May 27-30 in Toronto, will be hosted by the Catholic Press Association of North America, the Catholic Academy for Communication Arts Professionals and the Association of Roman Catholic Communicators of Canada.

Its theme is "Proclaim It From the Rooftops."

In this interview with ZENIT, Father Rosica comments on the future of Catholic media and their relationship with the secular press.

Q: Why the theme "Proclaim It From the Rooftops"?

Father Rosica: We have chosen as the theme of this year's Catholic Media Convention: "Proclaim It From the Rooftops," inspired by the Scriptures -- Matthew 10:27 -- and also by Pope John Paul II's apostolic letter "Rapid Development."

The reality is that the Church must now speak to a highly technological, "mediated" society. John Paul II said that the Church must be present in the new "Areopagai" of the world -- a world replete with so many competing philosophies, ideas and phenomena. The Church has to be there on the scene, using all the means of modern social communications to proclaim the word of God and the message of the Church.

Q: What new developments in Catholic journalism do you want to see highlighted at this conference? Outcomes?

Father Rosica: The 2008 Catholic Media Convention owes its existence to a collaboration that is rare in any part of the publishing world. In fact, collaboration has been a fact of life among Toronto Catholic media for years. Two unique aspects of the Toronto convention are how we can foster good collaboration among all entities of Catholic media and view our work as part of the New Evangelization.

Second is our concern for the future, especially how we can reach out to the next generation and involve young adults in the mission of communications. This week will be an intensive lesson for North American Catholic journalists in building bridges within and outside the Church as we learn to tell our stories, bear witness to the truth and proclaim our message from the rooftops.

Q: The Pope said in his message for this month's World Communications Day "that seeking and presenting the truth about humanity constitutes the highest vocation of social communication." Does this vision of the role of communications mark a fundamental difference between Catholic and secular journalists?

Father Rosica: Catholic communicators and journalists have a special obligation and mission not only to serve the Church, but to teach the world about seeking the truth and serving the truth.

The secular media misses the mark when the truth, goodness and the dignity of the human person is not part of the story. As John Paul II -- himself a media expert and master -- wrote in 2005, in his final '05 apostolic letter titled "The Rapid Development": "Communication both within the Church community and between the Church and the world at large requires openness and a new approach toward facing questions regarding the world of media.

"This communication must tend toward a constructive dialogue, so as to promote a correctly informed and discerning public opinion within the Christian community." Good journalists and communicators must be concerned with truth, goodness, beauty and hope, even in the most dire of circumstances.

Q: What can the Catholic media do to get the message of the Gospel more widely known?

Father Rosica: I have learned some powerful lessons in dealing with the media over the years, especially through the adventure of World Youth Day 2002 in Canada, the suffering and death of John Paul II, and my work with Salt and Light Television and our collaboration with the "secular" media.

It serves no purpose for Church officials, leaders and members to vilify those in the media, to stonewall and not respond to the constant phone calls of this reporter, that producer, some editor. That's the nature of the beast. They don't call it breaking news for nothing.

Nor does it serve any purpose for those in the "secular" media to ignore or marginalize the Church and religious issues, treating them as trivial matters that don't merit serious reflection. We have to learn from each other, and we have much good work to do together to serve the cause of truth and decency in a world that is becoming more devoid of value, virtue and meaning.

Many times in the Church, our stories are non-stories because key elements are missing. In more biblical language, how on earth do we move the light from under the bushel and onto the lamp stand so everyone in the house may see it? How do we learn the difference between old news and the new news with relevance -- a real story worth telling to the world?

High on the agendas of our 2008 convention is the theme of the so-called hostility of "secular" media to religion and the Church. Is the hostility real or perceived? What can be done to build bridges? The convention will help Church media workers to learn to tell our stories to the world cogently, boldly and courageously.

--- --- ---

On the Net:

Catholic Media Convention: www.catholicmediaconvention.org


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Last three weeks of the donation campaign!

Dear reader,

Our annual fundraising campaign ends June 18, which means that we are in the last three weeks!

In the Vatican II document "Inter Mirifica," the faithful are exhorted to "support these [communication] media freely and generously with their resources and their skills, inasmuch as they contribute to genuine culture and the apostolate" (No. 17), and in particular, the Council invited Christians to "pray and contribute funds" (No. 18) to sustain the Church's presence in the communication field.

ZENIT is part of this presence -- with the distribution of news and perspectives that are oftentimes absent from commercial media sources. News about the Pope, the Vatican, mission territories, the culture of life and justice ... these are the themes we want to make known.

The quantities that have arrived so far differ, but each one is equally appreciated -- from just US$5 gifts to US$6,000 (the largest donation so far) that arrived from a generous Spanish-speaking reader.

The average gift from English-speaking readers is thus far $60.

Calculating how many more $60 gifts are needed to reach our English-edition goal of $380,000 shows that we now need 2,000 more readers to send a donation. Just 2,000 out of the 130,000 English-edition private readers!

Could you be one of those 2,000 that are needed to reach our goal?

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Think about it! And act now!

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Sunday, May 25, 2008

ZE080525

ZENIT

The World Seen From Rome

Daily dispatch - May 25, 2008


Donation Campaign 2008 -- Looking for the 7,600 ...

If we divide our annual fund-raising goal of $380,000 by the 130,000 ZENIT's English-edition private readers, the amount for each one a year is about $3 -- about the price of three or four daily newspapers !

We already know that, in fact, it is not possible to receive $3 from each of our 130,000 private readers. But perhaps we can receive $50 from 7,600 of you!

Are you among the 7,600 who can send $50? Your generosity will benefit all Zenit readers.

As many readers have already done, could you cover the $50 for three or four or more missionaries?

Please, think about it!
Send your donation today!
To send your donation, click http://www.zenit.org/english/donation.html

Thank you very much!



VATICAN DOSSIER
Pope Says Eucharist Invites Work to End Hunger
Benedict XVI Prays for China's Quake Victims
Gospel Never Weakens Culture, Affirms Pontiff
Delving Behind Marian Devotion

ANALYSIS
The Unborn's Silent Suffering

WORLD FEATURES
Cardinal: No Excuse for Lack of Dialogue

NEWS BRIEFS
Opus Dei Welcomes 36 New Priests

ANGELUS
On Daily Bread



VATICAN DOSSIER

Pope Says Eucharist Invites Work to End Hunger

Calls It the School of Charity and Solidarity

VATICAN CITY, MAY 25, 2008 (Zenit.org).- The feast of Corpus Christi is an invitation to Christians to work for the elimination of world hunger, says Benedict XVI.

The Pope affirmed this today in his address to thousands gathered in St. Peter's Square to pray the midday Angelus.

"Last week our gaze was attracted by the mystery of the most holy Trinity," the Holy Father said. "Today we are invited to look upon the consecrated Host: It is the same God! The same Love! This is the beauty of Christian truth: The Creator and Lord of all things became 'a grain of wheat' to be sown in our earth, in the furrow of our history; he became bread to be broken, shared, eaten; he became our food to give us life, his own divine life.

"He was born in Bethlehem, which in Hebrew means 'House of Bread,' and when he began to preach to the crowds he revealed that the Father sent him into the world as 'living bread come down from heaven,' as 'bread of life.'"

The Pontiff affirmed that the Eucharist is "the school of charity and solidarity."

"Those who eat the Bread of Christ cannot remain indifferent before those who, even in our days, lack daily bread," he stated. "Many parents are barely able to provide for themselves and their children. It is a grave and growing problem that the international community finds hard to solve.

"The Church does not only pray 'give us this day our daily bread,' but, following the Lord's example, works in every way 'to multiply the five loaves and two fish' with countless humanitarian efforts and sharing so that no one remains without the necessities of life."

Rome will host a U.N. summit in early June where the growing global food crisis is to be discussed. A drastic increase in food prices, caused by a variety of factors, including the growing use of biofuels, has poor countries struggling to pay for basic sustenance.

"Dear brothers and sisters, may the feast of Corpus Domini be an occasion to grow in this concrete attention to our brothers, especially the poor," Benedict XVI encouraged. "May the Virgin Mary obtain this grace for us.

"May Mary, who, carrying Jesus in her womb, was the living 'tabernacle' of the Eucharist, communicate to us her faith in the holy mystery of the Body and Blood of her divine Son, that he may truly be the center of our life."


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Benedict XVI Prays for China's Quake Victims

Greets Chinese-Speakers in Rome for World Prayer Day

VATICAN CITY, MAY 25, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Noting the World Day of Prayer for the Church in China, Benedict XVI again expressed his spiritual support for the victims of the earthquake in that Asian nation.

After praying the midday Angelus with thousands gathered in St. Peter's Square today, the Pope said, "I greet the Chinese-speaking pilgrims who have come to Rome from all over Italy on the occasion of the World Day of Prayer for the Church in China.

"I entrust to God's mercy all of your countrymen who died in the earthquake that recently struck a vast area of your homeland. I renew my personal nearness to those who are experiencing hours of anxiety and tribulation. Thanks to the fraternal solidarity of all, the populations of these zones can soon return to the normality of daily life."

The Holy Father declared May 24 the World Day of Prayer in his 2007 letter to Chinese Catholics.

China endured another aftershock today, the strongest of the series of aftershocks that continues to hamper relief efforts since the original May 12 quake. The death toll could surpass 80,000, as rescue efforts to find the missing continue. At least two died in today's aftershock.

The Pontiff said: "Together with you I ask Mary, Help of Christians, Our Lady of Sheshan, to support 'the efforts of those who, among their daily toil, continue to believe, to hope, to love so that they never fear to speak of Jesus to the world and of the world to Jesus,' ever remaining 'credible witnesses' of his love and 'keeping themselves united with the rock of Peter on which the Church is built.'"

The Fides news agency reported that the Chinese living in the earthquake zone celebrated Saturday's World Day of Prayer for the Church in China, setting up makeshift chapels in tents.


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Gospel Never Weakens Culture, Affirms Pontiff

Proposes Work of Europe's Co-Patrons as Model of Inculturation

VATICAN CITY, MAY 25, 2007 (Zenit.org).- The lives of Sts. Cyril and Methodius show how the Gospel contributes not just to the common good, but also to the cultural patrimony of nations and peoples, says Benedict XVI.

The Pope affirmed this Saturday when he received in audience a delegation of state and religious leaders from Bulgaria and Macedonia. Their visit marked the feast of the two ninth-century saints who, with their preaching in Slavic lands, laid the foundations for "a friendly coexistence of peoples."

For the Orthodox Church the feast of Sts. Cyril and Methodius, the two brothers from Thessalonica, who along with St. Benedict, were proclaimed patron saints of Europe by Pope John Paul II on Dec. 31, 1980, falls on May 24. The Latin Church celebrates their feast Feb. 14.

Speaking to the delegation from Bulgaria, led by Ivajlo Kalfin, deputy prime minister and minister of foreign affairs, the Holy Father said that "the Gospel [...] does not weaken what is authentic in different cultural traditions, but helps people of every age to recognize and realize the authentic good, enlightened by the splendor of truth."

"Thus the task of Christians," he added, "is to maintain and strengthen the intrinsic link that exists between the Gospel, the mission of Christ's disciples and their respective cultural identities."

In this regard "the rediscovery of Christian roots is important to contributing to building a society in which the spiritual and cultural values that flow from the Gospel are present," the Pontiff contended.

He proposed the evangelizing work of the brother-saints as a "model of the inculturation of the faith in its essential elements," even in our postmodern times.

Secure hope

Speaking to the Macedonian delegation led by Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski, the Pontiff observed that through their missionary zeal the two saints "became ‘bridges' connecting the East and the West."

At the same time, he noted, "their luminous spiritual witness points to a perennial truth that must always be rediscovered: Only by beginning from God can hope become trustworthy and secure."

"This hope becomes tangible when persons of good will in every part of the world [...] imitating Jesus' example and faithful to his teachings, totally dedicate themselves to laying the foundations of friendly coexistence among peoples and seeking the good of all," the Holy Father affirmed.

Benedict XVI concluded with the wish that, following the example of the co-patrons of Europe, the "bonds of friendship" between the Catholic Church and Macedonia and Bulgaria will become always more "fraternal and supportive."


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Delving Behind Marian Devotion

Father Lombardi Reflects on Day of Prayer for China

VATICAN CITY, MAY 25, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Love of Mary is not something sentimental but is a gift from Christ on the cross, said a Vatican spokesman.

Jesuit Father Federico Lombardi, director of the Vatican press office, affirmed this on the latest episode of the weekly Vatican Television program "Octava Dies."

Love of Mary, Father Lombardi explained, "is not sentimental devotion, or worse, sentimental mythology. It is a matter of finding in the Mother of Jesus the way to put the incarnation of God back at the center of our life and -- as Pope Benedict added -- at the center of our age and our cities.

"Drawing from the contemplation of Christ, we can ‘irrigate' society, beginning with everyday relationships. We can purify society of many negative forces, opening it to the newness of God."

Father Lombardi noted how Benedict XVI marked May 24 as the World Day of Prayer for the Church in China. May 24 is the feast of Mary Help of Christians, venerated at the shrine of Sheshan near Shanghai.

The spokesman reflected on how the prayers of the universal Church focused on the Asian country. "In Marian prayer, our horizons become universal," he said. "The dying Christ entrusted us all to the care of his Mother.

"Chinese Catholics aspire with perseverance to be able to express their faith in complete freedom.

"[T]he Chinese people have recently suffered the terrible tragedy of an earthquake. [...] We look to this country, which has the largest population in the world, with fraternity and solidarity, with a true desire for its human and spiritual welfare."

"It is right to hope for a serene relationship between the Holy See and China so that the Church [there] can truly be Chinese and truly Catholic at the same time," Father Lombardi concluded. "Positive signs are not lacking. Let us ask that the Mother of China, of Asia, of the Church, to accompany and look with favor upon its journey."


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ANALYSIS

The Unborn's Silent Suffering

They Are No Strangers to Pain, Says Book

By Father John Flynn, LC

ROME, MAY 25, 2008 (Zenit.org).- A topic receiving more attention recently in debates on abortion is the question as to whether a fetus can suffer and feel pain. A book just published brings together a variety of evidence by experts, mainly Italian, on the subject.

"Neonatal Pain: Suffering, Pain and the Risk of Brain Damage in the Fetus and Unborn" (Springer) is edited by Giuseppe Buonocore and Carlo Bellieni, who are both members of the department of pediatrics, obstetrics and reproductive medicine at the University of Siena.

The contributions from the large number of experts who contribute to the book agree in affirming that a fetus can feel pain before birth, the two editors explain in their introductory essay. "Recognizing human dignity and human suffering from life in the womb is a clinical duty in the service of better treatment," they declare.

One of the contributions, a joint effort by nine experts, looks at the evidence obtained from ultrasound techniques. The introduction of three-dimensional and four-dimensional ultrasonography has enabled a far more detailed evaluation of the fetus, thus allowing the observation of how it reacts to specific stimuli, they observe.

The uterus is a protected, but not an isolated, environment and touch is the first sense that the fetus develops. By week 10 of pregnancy an unborn child can be observed bringing hands to its head, opening and closing the mouth, and swallowing.

As well, recent experiments show that newborns have functional memory, development of which began in the period before birth. The authors note that, in fact, newborns remember tastes and odors perceived in the uterus and these perceptions might have an influence on future preferences. Sounds, also, are heard by the unborn, including the mother's voice. Newborns have even been shown to recognize music that the mother listened to during pregnancy.

Protagonist

Another joint article examines the specific question of fetal pain. The team of medical experts who authored the piece starts by noting that the unborn child is a protagonist, promoting cellular traffic with the mother, and so the fetus needs to be considered a patient, whose well-being is taken into consideration by doctors.

There is evidence, they observe, that acute or chronic pain, or even prolonged stress, can be dangerous for the fetus, especially if it happens during a critical period of brain development. Possible negative effects range from a lower pain threshold to an increase in age-related memory impairments.

Based on experiments with primates, the article hypothesizes that fetal pain can even impair the functioning of the body's immune system, with long-term implications for infections and autoimmune diseases.

Regarding stress, the authors cite a study on a group of mothers who suffered stress and compared them to a control group. The babies of the stressed mothers were characterized by a lower birth weight, smaller head circumference and a lower gestational age at birth when compared with the babies of the control group.

The authors observe that some medical experts don't consider the fetus can feel pain because it is not conscious, and also because it is normally asleep in the womb. The article on neonatal pain in Buonocore and Bellieni's book reply to this by saying there is considerable scientific evidence showing that fetuses are sensitive to a variety of sensation in the uterus: sound, changes in light, touch and pressure, and changes in balance.

Moreover, even if a fetus were not to recognize pain consciously as we do, it still remains an unpleasant experience for the unborn, they add.

Stress effects

Another chapter of the book looked at other effects of stress on the fetus. Two members of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology at Imperial College London, Kieran O'Donnell and Vivette Glover, explain that maternal stress is very much related to the development of the fetus.

In addition, in cases of medical intervention carried out on fetuses there is evidence showing a response to an invasive stimulus from the age of 16 weeks gestation. Even at the age of 12 weeks a fetus will move away if touched. Nevertheless, O'Donnell and Glover admit that we still do not know exactly when the fetus starts to feel pain or when it becomes conscious.

In a concluding chapter, Marina Enrichi urges readers to value prenatal life. A better knowledge about prenatal conditions and the development of the fetus will bring with it a perception of fetal life as something precious, resulting in greater respect for the developing embryo and the woman bearing it, she argues.

One of the consequences of this, Enrichi augurs, is that all of us and society itself will begin to wish to create a more protective environment for the unborn baby and the mother.

Nervous system

The Italian medical experts are not the only ones convinced of the need to pay more attention to the pain suffered by the unborn. On Feb. 10 the New York Times ran a major feature article reporting on the findings of other doctors on this topic.

The article started by citing the experience of Kanwaljeet Anand, who while a medical resident in a British hospital saw the significant harm caused to premature babies when they were operated on without anesthetic. At the time, 25 years ago, doctors thought the nervous systems of the babies were too underdeveloped to sense pain.

Through trials, Anand clearly showed this was not at all the case and that once the babies received anesthesia the mortality rate dropped from 25% to 10%. Pain relief for premature babies soon came to be standard, the article said. Anand continued his observations in this area and noted that babies as young as 22 weeks of gestation demonstrated a reaction to pain even when pricked by a needle.

The consequence of this observation was the consideration that the fetus might feel pain. This became an important question with the development of fetal surgery, since whether the unborn feels pain is an important consideration for the surgeon.

Anand, now a professor at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and a pediatrician at the Arkansas Children's Hospital in Little Rock, told the New York Times that he believes fetuses can feel pain by the 20th week of pregnancy, and possibly even earlier.

The article also cited Nicholas Fisk, a fetal-medicine specialist and director of the University of Queensland Center for Clinical Research in Australia. Fisk has carried out research showing that fetuses as young as 18 weeks react to an invasive procedure with a spike in stress hormones and a shunting of blood flow toward the brain. This is a reaction also present in infants and adults and is designed to protect a vital organ from threat.

The New York Times article acknowledged that the question of whether the fetus does feel pain has obvious implications for the abortion debate. In fact, medical evidence is showing they do feel pain, and as time goes by researchers are pushing back more and more their estimation of the age at which the fetus is affected by pain.

Admitting that a fetus does feel pain, however, is difficult for abortion advocates, as it is just one more bit of evidence proving how wrong they are about denying the unborn a chance to live.

"Since it must be treated from conception as a person, the embryo must be defended in its integrity, cared for, and healed, as far as possible, like any other human being," states No. 2274 of the Catechism of the Catholic Church. Recognizing that a fetus can indeed feel pain is one step on the path to acknowledging it is a person.


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WORLD FEATURES

Cardinal: No Excuse for Lack of Dialogue

Encourages Cooperation Based on Solidarity

ANCONA, Italy, MAY 25, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Differences -- be they cultural, religious, social, economic or political -- should not be an obstacle to the duty of dialogue and collaboration, affirmed the president of the Pontifical Council of Justice and Peace.

Cardinal Renato Martino stated this in Ancona on Wednesday, in an address to the professors and students of the Marche Polytechnic University.

The cardinal recalled that "the Church recognizes the seeds of truth and authentically human and humanizing values in all cultures. It therefore appreciates and favors in every way a fruitful dialogue with them, to better serve the integral good of all men."

Cardinal Martino added that "dialogue must promote the integral dignity of the human person."

He proposed that "social life is an especially propitious area in which to institute such a dialogue, especially when the challenges that we have before us manifest themselves with the terrifying face of terrorist violence."

But dialogue is not enough, he said, affirming that it must lead to cooperation.

Cooperation is "the instrument that international relations use to guarantee sympathetic understanding and concrete unity of action between states, international organizations and government entities," he explained. "[C]ooperation in the development of the whole man and of every man is a duty of all, toward all, and must be carried out in every part of the world."

International cooperation "must express a concrete and tangible commitment of solidarity," the cardinal concluded, "in such a way that it permits the poor to be protagonists of their development and as many people as possible to illustrate, in the concrete circumstances in which they live, the creativity typical of human beings, a creativity on which the wealth of nations depends."


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NEWS BRIEFS

Opus Dei Welcomes 36 New Priests

Prelate Urges Them to Spend Themselves at Service of Souls

ROME, MAY 25, 2007 (Zenit.org).- "Always be available to all," was the advice given by the Opus Dei prelate to the 36 men he ordained priests Saturday afternoon in Rome.

Bishop Javier Echevarría told the ordinands: "You will be dispensers of the mysteries of God. With St. Josemaría, our beloved founder, I remind you that a priest is judge, doctor, teacher, father and pastor.

"You will be pastors after Christ, the Good Shepherd, who gave his life for his sheep. So, impelled by pastoral charity, always be available to all, without claiming a single right. Spend yourselves with joy in the service of souls."

The new priests, who received the sacrament in the Basilica of San Eugenio, come from 15 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Spain, the Philippines, France, Guatemala, Italy, Kenya, the Lebanon, Mexico, Peru, Poland, Portugal and Venezuela.

One of the newly ordained is Father José Antonio Brage, 41, former naval lieutenant of the Spanish Armed Forces.

As an 18-year-old youth, Brage entered the Naval College of Pontevedra. During his naval training on the ship "J.S. Elcano," he sailed around the world.

In a testimony published on Opus Dei's Web page, Father Brage explains that he realized that "the world's greatest poverty is the absence of God. To take Christ to others is the greatest good that can be done, and this is the mission of a priest."

"The sea says many things about God. A memory comes to mind of my first years in the Armed Forces. On the door of the entrance to the chapel of the Military Naval College, there is a plaque with this inscription: 'He who knows not how to pray should go to the sea and he will see how soon he learns.' This is a great truth. All that is needed is to open the eyes of the soul."


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ANGELUS

On Daily Bread

"He Became Our Food to Give Us Life"

VATICAN CITY, MAY 25, 2008 (Zenit.org).- Here is a translation of the greeting Benedict XVI gave today before praying the Angelus with several thousand people gathered in St. Peter's Square.

* * *

Dear Brothers and Sisters!

The solemnity of Corpus Domini is celebrated in Italy and in various countries today. It was observed in the Vatican and in other countries Thursday. It is the feast of the Eucharist, the wondrous gift of Christ, who in the Last Supper wanted to leave us a memorial of his Passover, the sacrament of his Body and his Blood, pledge of his immense love for us.

Last week our gaze was attracted by the mystery of the most holy Trinity; today we are invited to look upon the consecrated Host: It is the same God! The same Love! This is the beauty of Christian truth: The Creator and Lord of all things became "a grain of wheat" to be sown in our earth, in the furrow of our history; he became bread to be broken, shared, eaten; he became our food to give us life, his own divine life. He was born in Bethlehem, which in Hebrew means "House of Bread," and when he began to preach to the crowds he revealed that the Father sent him into the world as "living bread come down from heaven," as "bread of life."

The Eucharist is the school of charity and solidarity. Those who eat the Bread of Christ cannot remain indifferent before those who, even in our days, lack daily bread. Many parents are barely able to provide for themselves and their children. It is a grave and growing problem that the international community finds hard to solve. The Church does not only pray "give us this day our daily bread," but, following the Lord's example, works in every way "to multiply the five loaves and two fish" with countless humanitarian efforts and sharing so that no one remains without the necessities of life.

Dear brothers and sisters, may the feast of Corpus Domini be an occasion to grow in this concrete attention to our brothers, especially the poor. May the Virgin Mary obtain this grace for us. From her, the Son of God took his flesh and blood, as we say in a celebrated Eucharistic hymn, set to music by great composers: "Ave verum corpus natum de Maria Virgine," and which concludes with the invocation: "O Jesu dulcis, o Jesu pie, o Jesu fili Mariae!"

May Mary, who, carrying Jesus in her womb, was the living "tabernacle" of the Eucharist, communicate to us her faith in the holy mystery of the Body and Blood of her divine Son, that he may truly be the center of our life. We will be gathered around her next Saturday, May 31, at 8 in the evening in St. Peter's Square for a special celebration and conclusion of the month of Mary.

[After the Angelus the Holy Father made the following remarks:]

I greet the Chinese-speaking pilgrims who have come to Rome from all over Italy on the occasion of the World Day of Prayer for the Church in China. I entrust to God's mercy all of your countrymen who died in the earthquake that recently struck a vast area of your homeland. I renew my personal nearness to those who are experiencing hours of anxiety and tribulation. Thanks to the fraternal solidarity of all, the populations of these zones can soon return to the normality of daily life.

Together with you I ask Mary, Help of Christians, Our Lady of Sheshan, to support "the efforts of those who, among their daily toil, continue to believe, to hope, to love so that they never fear to speak of Jesus to the world and of the world to Jesus," ever remaining "credible witnesses" of his love and "keeping themselves united with the rock of Peter on which the Church is built."

[Translation by Joseph G. Trabbic]

[The Holy Father then greeted the people in several languages. In English, he said:]

I am happy to greet all the English-speaking pilgrims and visitors present for this Angelus. Today the Church celebrates in different places the Solemnity of the Body and Blood of Christ. On Thursday with many of the faithful, I had the joy of taking part in the Corpus Christi procession and venerating this Holy Sacrament in prayer and adoration. Our faith invites us to receive the Body and Blood of Christ with pure hearts so as to enter into communion with him. May his presence always renew our Christian love as we journey with him to Eternal Life. I wish you all a pleasant stay in Rome, and a blessed Sunday!

© Copyright 2008 -- Libreria Editrice Vaticana


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